A test setup has been devised here to quantify EMI. The frequency range of operation is proposed in GHz range. Measurement of internal fields via antennas is taken as a parameter for characterising interaction between digital components. For low frequencies MoM and FEM solvers is apt for simulation purposes. For high frequencies statistical approach has been chosen. Using these techniques real components are being reproduced as simplistic geometric models. This setup can be further extended to real time PC casing.

A novel design of a circular polarized patch antenna for GNSS application. The proposed antenna generates four resonant frequencies. With the proposed antenna wide operating bandwidth covers several wireless communication system including GSM (880 ~960 MHz), DCS (1710~1880 MHz), PCS (1850 ~ 1990 MHz), UMTS (1920 ~2170 MHz), WiBro (2300 ~ 2390 MHz), GLONASS (1602 ~ 1615.5 MHz).

The need for privacy preserving is sharing of sensitive information occurs in many different ways. In order to maintain privacy in database, the confidential data should be protected in the form of modifying the sensitive data items. Protecting sensitive data is an important issue in the government, public database. It used protected the sensitive numerical data item in the form of modifying the original data item using the proposed techniques. There are various anonymization technique provides privacy protection which can be used such as data encryption, Randomization and k-anonymity. The existing system uses commutative encryption scheme to improve data privacy of the database and provides security of data by using AES algorithm. To enhancing other cryptography techniques (such as RSA) are used in the user database for secure their database from unauthorized user. The multiple users have to access the data from a database with the permission of administrator.

Herbal medicine is a method of natural healing, based on the exploitation of active substances of plants collected from nature and used to cure certain ailments. This study focuses on traditional herbal medicine used to fight against skin ailments in Talassemtane National Park. A stratified sampling (8 forestry sectors), and using 930 question cards, we conducted a series of ethnobotanical field investigations during 2014, to collect all the information concerning the one hand on the informant profile (gender, age) and the other on local herbal (medicinal plants, treated ailments, method of preparation, form of employment and the part used). The results allowed us to identify 32 species belonging to 22 botanical families. Among these families, the Lamiaceae (6 species), Cistaceae (6 species), Asteraceae (3 species) and Fabaceae (3 species) are the most represented in the flora, they comprise at it alone almost 50% of overall workforce. Curative groping of medicinal plants is always prepared by women, representing 59% compared to 41% men. Therapeutic revenue is used in the treatment of skin conditions such as eczema, abscesses, burns care, skin irritation, itching (58.56%); mange and hair care (23.76%); treatment of acne (8.42%) and diseases of the mouth (4.14%). While most exploited species Ajuga iva (6.76%) and Lavandula dentata (5.41%) of the family Lamiaceae (21.62%); Cistus albidus (5.41%) and Cistus crispus (4.05%) of the family Cistaceae (14.86%); Matricaria chamomilla (6.76%) of the Asteraceae (10.81%); and Genista quadriflora (4.05%) of the family Fabaceae (6.75%). The results obtained showed that the sheets also constitute the most used part, with 74% and the majority of the preparations are in the form of powder (29%) and maceration mode (25%).

Following notification of suspected cases of diphtheria, investigation was carried out from 25th to 26th June, 2013 in the village of Tangoushmane. The objective was to conduct an analysis of the situation and support the health district in the preparations for response activities. Data were collected by an interview conducted at the village level and health workers and documentary and line list review. The analysis was done using Excel tables and pivot charts. The investigation revealed that all patients had consulted at the stage of false membranes and most of the deaths occurred at home or after hours or even days of observations the CSI seems to be the index case occurred April 23, 2013 in the village of Tezguene. The daily evolution showed intermittent occurrence of cases suggestive of spread from person to person. The case fatality rate was 39%, ranging from 10% to 58% to Tezguene Tanghousmane. The age of cases ranged from 3 years to 61 years (mean = 16.7 years) and the age range of 5-14 years is 63.4%.Particular attention should be paid to capacity building of staff in the definition of cases and routine vaccination in the district.

Introduction: Niger organized in 2013 a malaria chemoprevention campaign in children 3 to 59 months in some health districts (HD). The objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SCP) in children aged from 3 to 59 months in the health areas of Safo and Moullé in HD of Madarounfa in 2013. Methodology: An evaluative study in children aged 3-59 months was conducted. Data were collected using a questionnaire to health workers, an interview guide to community volunteers and mothers or children guardians. Our sample consisted of 141 mothers or children guardians, 12 community volunteers and 7 health workers serving in the Campaign sites of the health centers. Data were analyzed using the software STATA12. The chi-square test and p-value with 95% confidence intervals were used to search for a relationship between variables. Results: The coverage of the SCP was 86.6%. It was noted a decrease of 50% of clinical cases of malaria during the rainy season compared to the previous year at the same period in both health centers. Some minor side effects have been observed dominated by vomiting (54%). Conclusion: SCP remains a compelling strategy. Its implementation allows a significant reduction of malaria in the target.

Wireless sensor network consists of entity nodes that are able to work together with their surroundings by sensing or scheming corporeal parameters. The major issue in wsn is information accessed by unauthorized party by clone node. Once a node is captured, the attacker can reprogram and then take over the network process. The proposed algorithm is chord and DHT (Distributed hash table).The RDE protocol is used to detect clone node and chord algorithm provides the neighbor details. The DHT is used to store the node ID, key, location and source ID, destination ID. Here every node is assigned with a unique key which is verified by a witness node before transmitting data. A distributed detection protocol, known as randomly directed exploration (RDE), presents outstanding communication performance and minimal storage consumption for dense sensor networks. It is a location based node identification protocol. The group leader will be generating random number with appropriate location. Witness node are used to verify the random number detect the clone.

The biomechanics is an important science in the physical education, thereby sports analyzed and thereafter correct the technical errors. Gymnastics is more related with biomechanics than other sports, this science contribute in the analysis, illustration, understanding, and improvement of sports technique. This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of theoretical information on the Platform Jumps (Vault) Performance, and to identify the difference of the performance level between pre-test and post-test. This research hypothesized significant differences in each of the theoretical biomechanics information in open jump on the platform jumps (Vault) performance between pre-test and post-test. An experiment used quasi experimental design, the population included 40 female undergraduate students in the physical education college, University of Diyala- Iraq during 2012-2013 divided into equal two groups. The biomechanics theoretical information that given to the students impacted on their skill and performance positively. Increase the level of Gymnastics performance of open jump on the platform for the female students.

Network coding, which gives the better performance and throughput to the system, is used for performing some encoding operations by intermediate nodes in multicast network. When we talk about transmission, security becomes one of the main focus points. As nodes mix the incoming symbols and output it this leads it vulnerable to adversary attack. In this paper we discuss the Secure Network Coding scheme which helps against eavesdropper adversary threat. We analyze the performance of these schemes. We also discuss different security levels and proposed schemes associated to these.

Rwanda is a country which is full of hills and with at least 80% of the population which depends on agriculture as a source of revenue. The majority of regions with hills have abruptly slopes which do not allow a good yield of the recommended crops. They are exposed to soil erosion which is the cause of poor yields. Agriculture occupies an important place in the economy of Rwanda as it is always the case in all developing countries. We have used different approaches and techniques to gather data for this paper. After the analysis of the research result we have found that cultivating rice through citizens’ organizations and made infrastructure in adjusted marsh allow producers to sell their yields on basis of a good market price thanks to the cooperative efforts to look for markets. The mastery of agricultural techniques, the cooperative system, the increase of revenue due to created jobs allow the cooperative members to satisfy their needs and their families’.

Background/Objectives: This paper proposes a modified method to implement two wheel swarm robot control around anywhere using Internet-of things and also this paper is that we can control multiple robot simultaneously in different places using port forwarding concepts. Methods/Statistical analysis: The invertered pendulum concept is used for the balancing of two wheeled robot. This system utilizes sensor, cameras, and DC-motor are used for detecting obstacle judgments, image viewing and wheel movements. Findings: The main advantage of this paper is that we can control multiple robots simultaneously in different places using port forwarding concepts. If any problems persist in single robot method we cannot achieve the target. But while using the swarm robot, we can achieve the target even though any problems occurs in the other robot. Applications/Improvements: Swarm robot can be used in such way as to travel forward and backward, the current day short distance usage vehicles can be substituted by them. Another advantage of the proposed method is we can control several robots using single IOT.

The study on the effect of the organic fertilizers on the productivity of the two tomato varieties has been achieved in the municipality of Parakou in the northern Benin. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of the cow, chicken and goat dungs on the growth and fruit yield of two varieties of tomato (F1 Mongal and F1 jaguar). Treatments consisted of three organic fertilizer types (cow, chicken and goat dung) with a control without fertilizer. The dose of applied organic manure is 40t/ha (15kg/ridge). The treatments were randomly distributed into a complete randomized block design and replicated four times. The organic manure was dried and applied three week before transplanting. The results showed that the variety F1 Mongal is significantly (P <0.05) more productive (103kg/are ± 14.65kg/are) than the variety F1 jaguar (49kg/are ±13.22 kg/are). The study revealed that the droppings of chicken increased the forwardness of apparition of the floral buttons and the flowers of two (02) days compared to the witness. With regard to the height and the number of twining stems, they are significantly (P <0.05) increased with the application of chicken droppings (81,5cm ± 7.15cm and 85.5 ± 9.88cm) whereas the circumference to the collar of the tomato plants was significantly (p <0, 05) increased with the application of cow dungs (5.72cm ± 0.05cm). The best outputs (286.4kg/Are ±17.53kg/are) have been obtained with the chicken droppings. It is evident from this study that the combination of chicken droppings with the variety F1 Mongal is more productive than the variety F1 Jaguar with the same organic fertilizer in the municipality of Parakou.

Oxidative stress is a pathology responsible for several diseases. It is characterized by a relative increase of the reactive species of the oxygen (ERO) and can decrease the bioavailability of NO. The oxidative stress, having for consequence the appearance of several often irreversible damage at the level of cells, constitutes one of the important factors at the origin of the arterial high blood pressure. It so appears as a potential factor of arisen several diseases of which arterial blood pressure. Therefore, an efficacy treatment of the arterial high blood pressure could be also an antioxidant. From this perspective, this study allowed us to establish the anti-radical mechanism of Wakouba an antihypertensive product used in the traditional environment. The extracts of Wakouba are obtained after maceration in the methanol 96 %, during 48 hours in the ambient temperature (25°C), followed by double filtration on cotton then on paper tram driver 3 mm and evaporated with the rotavapor. So, the powder obtained allowed us to realize our antioxidant tests. Various doses of Wakouba and Tenordate the antihypertensive product used as reference were administered to rabbits made spontaneously hypertense has the hanging adrenalin for 7 days. The animals were then sacrificed to take the heart, the liver, the kidney and the aorta for the dosage of superoxide dismutase and the catalase. Furthermore, the inhibition of the lipid peroxidation was made by the method in the ferric thiocyanate and the method of the TBARS. It emerges from this study that the treatment by various doses of Wakouba and Tenordate in the hypertense animals decreases significantly until the normalization of the activity of the SOD and the catalase beforehand raised in the aorta, the heart, the liver and the loins. On other hand, Wakouba inhibits the lipid peroxidation in 78,3% as well as the Vitamin C reference molecule which exercises 81,00%. This consolidates us for its use as antihypertensive substance in the traditional environment.

In the globalized economic world, states pay increasing attention to local products in order to advance their national economies. Morocco is no exception to this situation, especially in areas with low economic productivity, high social insecurity and severe climatic conditions. The oasis areas of Tata province in the southeast of Morocco are a good example to approach the position of local products in the local economy. This recent study aims to identify local products of the region and its role in local development, and explore the main problems that hinder their production and their marketing. It also attempts to assist decision makers in promoting this sector by being aware of the problems and suggestions of the producers and other actors. This paper has adopted the methodology of the direct interviews with producers, workshops with main actors and on-site visits to several production units. It proposes a series of scientific and general recommendations to promote and develop local products in order to strengthen their positive effects on economic, social and cultural aspects of the local population.

We analyzed the seismic data collected in the database of the Goma Volcano Observatory, for the period from 2002 to 2011. Based on the location of the various swarms of Long Period Earthquakes, migration of epicenters were assessed in order to estimate the weakness areas which are the ways for dyke intrusions at Nyiragongo and Nyamulagira volcanoes, the two very active volcanoes the Western Branch of the East African Rift in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We found that the intrusions of dykes occur in two main perpendicular weak axes: the NE-SW axis generated by tensional forces from the East African Rift actions, and the NW-SE axis generated by divergent forces from the actions of magmas of both volcanoes.

A lava lake activity is observed at Nyamulagira volcano during this last decade. The training process of this lava lake began in 2012 by the release of gas fumes that was been continuously observed in the crater of the volcano. However no change in seismic activity was observed compared to the usual activity of the volcano until April 2014. On 22 June 2014, an activity of glow was observed by the Goma Volcano Observatory and the inhabitants of the city of Goma. On July 3rd 2014, the United States’s organization NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) noted this situation by its satellite detection and published on his Web site the apparition of a new lava lake in the crater of Nyamulagira. Nyamulagira volcano (in its known history) logged again a lave lake from 1921 to 1938. Here are analyzed the seismic activity which preceded this new event at mount Nyamulagira. It was found that this event was been preceded by a significant swarm activity of Long Period earthquakes in April 2014, six hybrid earthquakes and volcanic tremors in June 2014. The April 2014 swarm of low frequency earthquakes lasted about four days and was been located in the North-Eastern part of the Nyamulagira crater (at the place where appeared the new lava lake) and was been interpreted as expressed by the precursor movements of the opening of the crater. The six hybrid earthquakes were been interpreted also as the events that led to a falling movement of the land masses and the opening of the crater. After the visibility of the lava lake in June 2014, the activity of LP events reduced, no swarm and hybrid events were been recorded from this period, but the number of Volcano-Tectonic events remained constant.

Tea industry of Assam plays a dominant role in the economy of the state. Recently, a number of small tea growers have made an entry into the tea industry in Assam, which has made a significant impact on the pattern of agricultural land use, creation of rural employment, economic benefit and most significantly on the biodiversity of the area. The present study focuses to know about the changes in land use due to small tea cultivation in Titabar of Jorhat, a district of Assam and its impact on the biodiversity of the area. The small tea growers of the study area converted the fallow lands, waste lands, grazing lands etc. into the tea gardens within the last two decade, which changes the pattern of land use of the area. The farmers had cleared their plots under bamboo land, miscellaneous and indigenous trees for tea gardening which directly affects the biodiversity of the area. The primary data have been collected by field visit to the study area to substantiate the objectives of the study. Seven villages of Titabar and a total number of 50 small tea growers were selected randomly as sample for study. The study attempts to establish a relationship between the small tea cultivation and land use change. Growth of small tea cultivation is the prime cause of depletion of many valuable forest resources including animals, birds, medicinal plant and nutritious fruits, resulting in loss of flora and fauna in the area.

Geographic information system is a computer based system used for capturing, storing, checking, manipulation, analysing and displaying data which are spatially referenced to the earth, in order to solve a complex management problem. Web based GIS or internet GIS became more useful tools for tourism industry, which presents a platform that brings products and services to the tourists. Instead of various tourist guides for the location the tourist might face some problem related to find a hotel, travel cost, mode of transportation, road connectivity etc. The study proposed to develop a web mapping application for Sivasagar Tourism a district of Assam, India using Geospatial technology. The data that published in Geoserver are import from Postgres Sql database to Apache tomcat server. This district is a famous destination for tourists as well as others visitors because of its historical footprints and its exotic locations. This study considers web-based GIS application towards promoting tourism and providing a smarter way to the visitors to access spatial orientation of the town. The web map application will be published for future use with a website on the internet .Web page is design using JavaScript, HTML, Cascade style sheet with the open layers as base map for overlaying the layers.

Measuring all carbon stock changes caused by forest degradation within a country at the same level of detail and accuracy will likely not be efficient. In particular the considerations of IPCC source category analysis, and the fact that many degradation activities are focused on specific areas within the country help to make the monitoring more targeted and efficient to capture the most important components with priority. To estimate forest degradation, countries need to assess carbon stock changes and the total area undergoing degradation, ideally for different types of degradation (i.e. fire, logging, and fuel wood harvesting). The assessment of changes in carbon stocks requires consistent ground data while the evaluation of the total area undergoing degradation is more reliably measured through remote sensing for the major degradation processes, in particular for developing countries. The particular problem of measuring forest degradation is the lack of field based forest data for developing countries.

In this article we describe the agricultural financing by financial institutions in order to ensure the lives of farmers in rural areas. The financing of the agricultural sector followed different trends from the 2nd century to today. The first financial aid for farmers came from the States which were to intervene to support the sector according to the Keynesian principle. The states supported agriculture through credit institutions such as agricultural and development banks of traditional financial system. Indeed, agriculture is a major economic sector in developing countries. Three out of four poor people live in rural areas and most of them depend on agriculture. Agriculture for Development, Development Report in the world, World Bank, 2008 Since some time, some MFIs are based in rural areas to support the agricultural sector through agricultural credit, sometimes not well understood and disapproved by the rural population. Although the agricultural credit is an indispensable means for promoting agriculture and rural development, this situation is a source of reluctance and demotivation for MFIs because over 90% of loans granted by MFIs are oriented to trade business forgetting the agricultural sector which is principal in rural areas.

The objective of this analysis was to release as certain the difficulties facing by the African States in the Great Lakes. It has been noticed that since African countries independences, these States knew many shocks resulting from the calamitous management of the political powers instituted there. Controlling tend to make political powers, their private inheritances which cannot be bequeathed to other people. One of the weapons which they use to cling to the capacity is the recourse to the handling of the constitution. Although the concept of modernity is always evoked in these States, all seems to move back leaving room to totalitarianism while pretexting the democracy.

Sister Mary Joseph’s umbilical nodule designates an exceptional location umbilical metastatic of cancer, which is generally often pelvic adenocarcinoma. We report a case of this lesion due to adenocarcinoma of the ovary advanced in a patient, 58 years old who underwent surgery and chemotherapy. This nodule may indicate cancer or designates a recurrence. Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological type. Ovarian etiology is the leading cause in women. Faced with an umbilical metastasis, the prognosis is pejorative. Survival would be better however with combined surgery and chemotherapy treatment. So it must be known by the practitioner, because his recognition may allow early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

To diminish the behavioral variability of mouse dynamics, the machine learning algorithm was proposed. Mouse dynamics is the process of identifying the user based on their mouse operating behavior. The dataset includes co-ordinates values, time stamp value and mouse operation. From this dataset, the schematic features, holistic features and motor-skill features like average speed, average distance, mean, standard deviation and mouse silence ratio, velocity, slope angle, curvature were extracted to obtain feature vector. The obtained feature vector can be applied to the dimensionality reduction based approach, diffusion map to reduce the dimension of the feature vector that compared with ISOMAP (Isometric Feature Mapping). Without dimensionality reduction based method the classification process was difficult. The machine learning algorithm i.e.) hop field network to be used to identify whether the given input sample was authenticated user (or) unauthenticated.

In Botswana, health workers are emigrating to developed countries to seek better opportunities, which also affects their well-being. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between international migration of health workers and chronic disease. This study involves both quantitative and qualitative data. Skype interviews were conducted with 128 health workers working abroad. The snowballing technique was used for forty-five returned health workers while a random sample size of health workers (n = 210) located in health facilities in Gaborone. Logistic regression models were used for analyzing the results. The majority of health workers abroad were in their prime working age. The health workers abroad were more likely to have hypertension (p = 0.01) than those who had returned. The relation between migration and chronic disease in Botswana emphasizes the need to focus not only on the psychological health consequences but also on potential chronic disease consequences.

At the independence of the DRC in 1960, the country counted less than ten academics. Its Gross domestic product (GDP) was equal to that of Canada, of South Korea and of South Africa. Fifty-six years after independence, the RDC counts several academics among them Doctors, researchers, and Professors of Universities of international frame. But a doubt plane on the quality of the produced diplomas. What pushes to believe that the diplomas offered, far from contributing to the development of the RDC, take part rather in its collapse so that the GDP cannot equalize any African country today.