Study’s aim: The objective of this work was to highlight the determinants of the senses' construction among parents concerning the illness of their infant suffering from the effects of perinatal asphyxia.Materials and Methods: This study is descriptive exploratory qualitative. It was carried out in the counseling center of the national reference center for neonatology and nutrition in Rabat, for infants followed by the pediatricians of this center, and at home for cases whose parents decided to stop following their infants without medical advice. On the basis of 255 cases of perinatal asphyxia with abnormal development, 30 families were recruited; 15 families have infants undergoing follow-up and 15 families have decided to abandon the care.Results: Following data saturation and with a 100% response rate, this study found that the construction of the senses in these parents is influenced by several determinants, including the parents' belief in the supernatural; their religious beliefs; their previous experiences with the disease; their personality type; and their interpersonal relationships.Conclusion: This study has shown that the construction of the senses among parents towards the sick situation of their infants is under the influence of several determinants. Given that, the senses constructed by these parents influence significantly their behaviors, reactions, and choices towards the situation of their sick infants. Taking these determinants into account when caring for sick newborns, infants and children is of great importance in order to participate in the reduction of infant morbidity and mortality rates at the national level.

Study’s aim: The objective of this study was to study the existing link between the carer/patient relationship and the renunciation of care for infants with perinatal asphyxia consequences.Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative exploratory descriptive study, carried out at the day hospital of the National Reference Center in Neonatology and Nutrition for infants who suffer from the consequences of perinatal asphyxia and who are followed by pediatricians at the center. As well as the home for cases whose parents have decided to stop monitoring their infants while they suffer from health complications following their perinatal asphyxia. Indeed, based on 255 cases of perinatal asphyxia having registered an abnormal evolution, 30 families were recruited; of which 15 families have infants monitored and 15 families have decided to resign care.Results: After saturation of the data and with a response rate of 100%, this study demonstrated that the relationship between carer and patients is a vector for the construction of the decision to respect medical appointments or to give up infants’ care. Also, this study attested that healthcare professionals’ behavior differed from one group to another. The group of parents of the monitored infants argued that the health professionals in the various care structures gave them psychological support, and encouraged them to accept the state of their infants’ health. While the parents of the untreated infants have reported comments showing that health professionals have been a source of demotivation for them. Their behavior was indecent and their language was filled with negative messages.Conclusion: This study attested that the health professional can encourage parents to respect the medical appointments of their infants and, as a corollary, to participate in improving their state of health. Demonstrating, therefore, the importance of educating health professionals on the importance of the relationship between carer and patients and consequently reduce the rate of the care’s renunciation, and as a result, participate in the reduction of morbidity and infant mortality rates.

Changes in land use are an indicator of human action on the environment. Several factors influence agropastoralists in the Yakouta watershed in land use and occupation. Climatic extremes are real catalysts for the degradation of the biophysical environment, which is reflected, among other things, in the reduction of plant resources and the drying up of arable land. The needs of rural societies materialize through the use of space and resources, according to techniques and spatial logic that depend on a more or less complex social organization. The pressures exerted on space determine the adaptation responses developed by populations in order to maintain or improve the productivity of the environment. The objective of this study is to establish the link between climate change and land-use strategies in the Yakouta watershed. The methodology consisted in linking remote sensing through the processing of multi-date satellite images (2002, 2010 and 2018) and the analysis of climate data from 1961 to 2018. The results obtained show that more than 35 per cent of the space under consideration has undergone a change of occupation. In terms of climate, the IPS index has made it possible to highlight not only the dry and wet periods recorded since 1961, but also to establish a link between changes in vegetation cover and drought. In the light of these results, the investigations also looked at the adaptation strategies deployed by local populations.

Dysgraphia is often treated as a minor problem. Nevertheless, special attention to these children suffering from writing disorders helps to highlight their psychological suffering in the face of these difficulties which they consider insurmountable; this has an impact on their school results. If these young children were taken into care from pre-school onwards to teach them the right gestures to adopt and to sit and move and to hold the writing tool, it is indisputable that this work on psychomotricity will teach them the right gestures and posture to write well, and thus be fulfilled in their schooling and working life.Based on the analysis of about ten articles dealing with psychomotricity and writing disorders, and by questioning some Moroccan primary school teachers about the cases of dysgraphia observed in their classes, we came to the result that most of these dysgraphia students have not followed pre-school education at all, or that this education did not give any credit to the importance of psychomotricity in the mastery of the graphomotor gesture in the student. Hence the urgency of thinking about a Moroccan education policy that would make psychomotor skills in preschool education a springboard for children's growth and development.

In our manuscript, we will address the different methods and techniques of playing, as well as the diverse forms used in composition, guiding to the presence of 'ud in modern art and in the finest orchestras of the word nowadays. And in the big concerts of solo (recital). Through western musicians’ innovators, who were curious to find the tune of the instrument expression, such as Sherif Muheddin Haydar, Jamil Bashir, etc. For example, these two mentioned composers were influenced by the composition and forms of occidental music, they are mastered playing the occidental instruments, besides the 'ud, we find the piano, cello and violin. In which led to; that these composers are the first piece’s composer of 'ud in different forms with techniques of unusual playing. So through our analysis, we will discover how these two 'ud players as western composers, were able to be used in forms of occidental compositions and also playing techniques of cello, violin, classic guitar to present the 'ud as a comprehensive and unique tool with a capacity of expression well audible, than just a simple companion in singing and in which level they succeeded. So that they will be musicians with the influence to other players of 'ud today in the Arab world.

A seasonal variability study of tropical raindrop size distributions (DSD) and integrated rain parameters in West Africa coastal area (Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire) was done. The study covered the period 1986 to 1988 with a focus on 1987 for a complete annual cycle investigation using the EPSAT validation experiment data. The following parameters have been described: the median volume diameter (D0), the total number of drops per unit volume of air (NT), the ratio D0/NT, the rain rate (R) as well as the radar reflectivity factor (Z). During the May-June (MJ) and September-October-November (SON) seasons, the characteristics of DSD in June 1987 (D0 strong and NT low) compared to those of October 1987 (D0 strong and NT strong) could explain the high rainfall recorded during SON compared to MJ where the rainfall is lower. The Sea Surface Temperature (SST) analysis of these two seasons indicate a modulation of this inversion by ocean surface conditions. In general, a high SST induces important rain with spectra containing a large number of large drops due to strong convection associated with a large advection flow. Finally, raindrop size distributions appeared to be relevant indicators to characterize the specific behaviour of the rainy seasons.

This survey aims to examine on a moral level, the degree of satisfaction of the students that succeeds in the University of Kisangani while resorting to the means that are contrary to the personal effort. In second place, to see if these students are conscious of the negative consequences that these practices entail in their socio-professional life. Thereafter, to establish to establish it the responsibility of these negative attitudes bound to this kind of success. And finally, to identify the concrete actions to undertake for to put an end to these dishonest practices. For that to make, a questionnaire has been submitted to the graduate students of the Faculty of Psychology and the Sciences of the education and the one of Social studies, Political and Administrative.Of these analyses, he/it comes out again that the students are not satisfied with the non deserved success. These last are conscious that the illegal practices could cause them some problems in the active life. Thus, it would be interesting that other researchers approach this thematic while interrogating the points of the parents, teachers….

The Taxation, Public Debt and Protectorate Trianglein Morocco is in the attention center of tremendous importance; through studying the historical stations, which featured the Moroccan taxation system before independence, and its imposition on the Public Debt in order to comprehend the current state that swamped by the rise on the percentage of the debt and shortage in Moroccan tax system on contributing in shrinking the national funding disability and it can form a scientific substance may take a part in deepening our understanding approach to several economic incidents which encountered in Morocco over sensitive stage of its history.

The purpose of this paper is to shed light on how legitimacy, a core concept of the institutional theory, may present a relative framework for understanding stakeholders’ participation in cooperatives’ governance. Co-operatives are recognizing the importance of involving stakeholders in their governance structures. In fact, particular forms of cooperatives have emerged as a result, namely, multi-stakeholder cooperatives, a cooperative form that bring together multiple stakeholders with diverging interest and where governance is more sophisticated than homogeneous member cooperatives. Stakeholder participation in governance has raised researchers’ interest whose assumptions have often questioned the viability of this practice due to the multitude of interests. Hence, we believe that this question deserves our full attention. In this framework, this paper aims to shed light on the importance of the concept of legitimacy in understanding the link between cooperatives and their environment embodied by stakeholders’ involvement in governance. In other words, we study how stakeholders are able to serve the cooperatives’ common objective despite the divergence of their interests as we highlight the role of legitimacy, a central concept upon which institutionalism is founded.

The choice of a section of power cable is generally the result of examination of two criteria: the criterion of maximum heating at full speed and the criterion of voltage drop compatible with the proper functioning of the controlled devices. But when the rate of use of the cable becomes appreciable, more than a thousand effective hours per year, a new criterion must be considered, it is the criterion of profitability. Under these conditions, the optimum section is obtained by: Section(optimum)=I(3ρr_i p/B)^(1/2) x11mm^2.

Abstract Groundwater is an essential source of drinking purpose. Groundwater samples were collected from tube-wells from Rajbandh, Khulna dumping site as well as its adjoining area to find out the level of concentration of different water quality parameters. In order to find out the strength and the linear relationship between different pairs of parameters as well as to predict the level of pollution of groundwater, statistical analysis had been done. The significance level further verified by t-test. The effect of heavy metal on human body can spread risk. That’s why risk assessment was done on those parameters which were exceeded the allowable concentration level referred by The Environment Conservation Rules (ECR) (1997) according to USEPA guidelines (1989) considering ingestion and dermal pathways. The chronic daily intake (CDI), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI) were evaluated. Furthermore, to check uncertainty of exposure parameters and risk values, Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) was used. Central Tendency Exposure (CTE) and Reasonable Maximum Exposure (RME) as well as non-carcinogenic condition were used for MCS operation. Nine different water quality parameters were collected from four different locations since a period of 2018. In this study an appreciable strong positive correlation was found for E.C with turbidity, alkalinity; turbidity with alkalinity also for chloride with TDS. A strong negative correlation was found for ph with turbidity, alkalinity, E.C. Water Quality Index (WQI) was used to analyze the groundwater quality of study site. The test result reveals that 50% water samples were found poor quality and 50% samples were found unsuitable for drinking purposes. The WQI ranges from 72.998 to 164.332. Which further analyzed by ArcGIS. RME showed relatively more risk values than that of CTE values. Therefore, the overall assessment reveals that there is a need of some treatment before usage of water and also require to protect the area from landfill contamination.

Kihavu, like many other languages in contact, has adopted foreign words to meet the needs of its speakers’ daily life vocabulary and activities. This work discusses and analyses how and why french loanwords have been distributed to specific areas of influence in the nominal class system of kihavu. The result is that some alien words have been allocated to kihavu noun class system rather than other parts of speech. Therefore, they have acquired kihavu native words morphology by means of addition or reduction of suffixes prefixes or affixes. The data were collected from bilingual kihavu native speakers’ conversations. To deal with this socio-linguistic survey, four sections have been developed. The introduction presents the background, aim, hypotheses, research methodology, justification, and scope of the research. Chapter one deals with the literal frame and socio-linguistic presentation of kihavu language. Chapter two presents the allocation of loanwords per areas of influence. The last section gives the conclusion.

Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease whose control greatly influences the profitability of rabbit farming. During 7 months, the dynamics of oocystale excretion was studied in the town of Bingerville in Hyplus and local breeds does and their offspring. All does were mated to Hyplus males. A total of 456 aliquot samples from the 4 experimental groups were used, on the one hand, for diagnosis and evaluation of the coccidial load by mcmaster method. On other hand, means and morpho-biological criteria were used after qualitative flotation coproscopie for the identification of the different Eimeria species. A high prevalence of 100% and a total of 7 species of coccidia sometimes coexisting at 6 in the same individual were recorded. These are: E. Exigua, E. Perforans, E. Magna, E. Media, E. Coecicola, E. Irresidua and E. Intestinalis. Imported does (Hyplus) were more susceptible to coccidiosis than those from the cross between Hyplus and common breed (p˂0, 005). The observed excretion patterns revealed that the rabbits would be prone to coccidiosis in the beginning and the end of lactation while the sensitivity of the young rabbits would be more evident in the days following weaning. Furthermore, a joint analysis of the two coccidial profile show that does play an important role in the transmission of coccidiosis to their offspring.

The Marahoué National Park is home to almost half of the bird species in the Cote d'Ivoire. But apart from this Park, no publication has mentioned the avifauna of the entire Marahoue region, to date. Thus, a study, based on the census of birds along the tracks in 12 sites outside the Park and across the entire Marahoué region, took place over 19 months, from August 2010 to March 2013. It made it possible to count 30,758 individuals of birds of 211 species of birds from 54 families and 17 orders. Among these species, one is vulnerable and two others are almost threatened; A total 65 species are endemic to the Guinean-Congolese forest biome and seven species are subservient to the Sudano-Guinean savannah biome. The results of this study has completed the avian richness of the entire region to 400 species of 70 families belonging to 18 orders, with 32 species newly observed during the present study.

Background: Craniometric study is an important fraction of anthropometry that can be employed in the determination of cranial capacity of an individual. It indirectly reflects the volume of the brain and predicts mental ability. The aim of this research is to asses, compare and contrast sexual dimorphism in craniometric parameters and its relationship to intelligence, among Igbos resident in Enugu state. Materials and method: Two hundred and seventy-five (275) persons (148 males 127 females) aged 16-34 years were randomly selected. Cranial dimensions (cranial length, width and height) and weight and height of the individuals were taken and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and chi square test of independence. Result: Cranial capacity has no significant correlation with intelligence quotient for all subjects (p>0.05). The male subjects in our cohort were observed to have higher cranial length, breadth, height, cranial capacity and intelligence quotient than the females. Conclusion: Findings from this study show that sexual dimorphism exists in craniometric parameters and there is no significant relationship between craniometric parameters and intelligence quotient among Igbos resident in Enugu metropolis. The findings from this study could aid forensic facial reconstruction and portrait sculpture. Hence, it would be found useful by the maxillofacial and plastic surgeons and even forensic experts.

The objective of this survey is to contribute to the promotion and the production of the Azolla fern while increasing his/her/its quantity and his/her/its quality in the ecological conditions with the available and renewable matter to meet the expectation of the users. To achieve this work, the droppings of chicken have been appropriated and conditioned as filtrate to act as nourishing element to the culture of Azolla filiculoides and Azolla caroliniana. The gotten filtrate is constituted of primary nourishing elements (NO3- (34gm/L), NH4+ (5,99gm/L), PO43- (265gm/L) and 1227,22gm/L of K), of secondary nourishing elements (47,57gm/L of Ca, 28,35gm/L of Mg, 218,36gm/L of Na and 720,10gm/L of SO42) and of trace elements (0,56gm/L of Cu, 11,69gm/L of Fe and 1,18gm/L of Mn.). Then, the Azolla ferns have been harvested after 15, then weighed 23 and 29 days and dried to the shade during five days before being analyzed. The results show that the production of Azolla filiculoides and Azolla caroliniana is influenced by the length of culture because the production harvested after 15 days is different from the one gotten after 23 and 29 days, for each of the Azollas, but 23 days are revealed the interesting culture length for his/her/its harvest. To 23 days, the harvested middle quantity is of 6737,03g for Azolla caroliniana and 6754,45g for Azolla filiculoides. The middle length of their root is identical, about 2 cm. However, the analysis of the physico-chemical composition of Azolla caroliniana proves to be better that the one of Azolla cultivated filiculoides with the same filtrate and in the same conditions.

This article examines the influence of foreign policy on the inter-ethnic relationship in multi-ethnic states. Focused on external disputes, which revolve around issues of national identity, the article attempts to find out how foreign policy constraints and pressures may affect the unity of ethnically different groups. From the existing literature on international and national integration, the article derives arguments which relate foreign policy’s behavior toward external threats to inter-ethnic unity or division. International integration policies, as part of the official foreign policy, influence the unifying mentality of ethnically different people, helping to foment a national (state) identity, based on civic elements. External obstructions to such policies, however, risk to transform foreign policy into an object of contestation between ethnic groups, who, due to the presence of external disputes, no longer share the same vision over the state’s foreign policy. Using an exploratory approach, this article uses the case of Macedonia to provide greater understanding of the arguments above, and consequently presents the empirical findings collected from semi-structured interviews.