Background: Despite scaling up Isoniazid preventive therapy implementation in areas with a high prevalence of HIV and latent tuberculosis infection >30%, there is a paucity of data assessing adherence which is pivotal to END TB control and elimination. We sought to determine the adherence level and its correlates among people living with HIV initiated on IPT in selected hospitals in Kisumu Central, Kisumu County. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Jaramogi Oginga Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kisumu County Hospital and Lumumba Sub-County Hospital between June and July 2018. A random sample of PLHIVs aged ≥18 years, initiated on IPT between 2016 and 2018 were interviewed. Self-reported method was used to ascertain adherence. Data was collected using Commcare and analysed with STATA 14.0. A generalized linear regression model was used to generate the adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Of 462 respondents, 282(61%) were females. The mean age of respondents was 37.9 [±10.4, SD]. Forty percent (40% [n=185; 95 C.I = (35.6%-44.6%) adhered to treatment. Respondents who had knowledge of latent tuberculosis infection were more likely to adhere compared to those who had no knowledge [aPR=1.6; 95%CI= (1.16-2.2), P=0.004]. Respondents who experienced IPT stock-outs were less likely to adhere as compared to those who experienced no stock-outs [aPR=0.15; 95%CI= (0.02-0.93); P=0.042]. Conclusion: The overall adherence level is sub-optimal against a set threshold (≥ 80%). Knowledge and IPT stock-outs were associated with adherence. Sustained awareness campaigns and uninterrupted supply of IPT would optimize on adherence.

Active methods of use level evaluation in zoology at Goma primary school prove that they are confused the way used and consequently they are less controlled by degree terminal teachers.

Active pedagogy has become a key element in the learning process of biology. The present work compares the two pedagogies (passive versus active). A study of 100 learners in middle school showed better results. A good acquisition of the skills taught to the learners, as well as a change in their behavior in the classroom were noted. Moreover, motivation, concentration and listening were improved.

DR Congo with the National Program for Space and Technological Research (PNRST), is the subject of improvement of structure of satellite own the himself. The problem is to simulate and model the structure from the point of view viscoplasticity, vibration and cryogenic behavior at very high altitudes. Sizing will be facilitated by the following approach: 1. cracking among the modes of ruin of structures; 2. the mechanics of fracture among models dealing with the cracking of structures; 3. finite element methods among numerical methods applicable in fracture mechanics.

Global warming is making our rivers become non-navigable during the dry season, following a considerable decline; pushing the population to lock up. It seemed interesting to us to try to overcome this insufficiency by initiating the calculation of a hydroplane leading to a prototype. In this article, we will have to calculate the conditions of resistance of the structure of the hydroplane in maximum load, using the relations of the nonlinear elasticity and the plasticity in fracture mechanics, based on the finite element methods.

The aim of the evaluation was to assess the success of adoption and impact of ICPT at the farm level, and by implication the success of ACEFA’s program in facilitating the transfer of those technologies. The evaluation design combines elements of theory-based and case-based approaches. These stem from a realist perspective that recognises the complexity of interventions in the social world and the difficulty of isolating the impact of a single intervention, seeking instead to explore what works, for whom, in what circumstances and why. Toward this end, the evaluation methodology tested an ex-post theory of change developed with ACEFA via a survey of cassava growers conducted between January and July 2018. A four-stage, clustered, randomized procedure was used to select a representative sample of 180 cassava farmers. These farmers were administered semi-structured questionnaires about their cassava production, consumption, marketing practices, preferences for different cassava cultivar characteristics, and their knowledge of, and access to improved seed and fertilizer. Data were analysed using SPSS and the quasi-experimental method. The survey revealed that (63.90 %) of the farmers planted improved cassava variety with most cultivated variety being 96/1414 (66.1%). 62.2% practices the planting configuration techniques. Socio-economic analysis results showed that majority of the farmers were females (65.56%) and over 46 years of age with over 4 members per household. Majority of the respondents were married (75 %) having primary level of education (66.1%). Most of the respondents were not novice in cassava production. Majority of respondents (67.8%) own the land they use for production. However, the rate of fertilizer usage on cassava was relatively low as (30.60%) reported. Adoption rates were higher among females than male farmers. 77.39% of the respondents revealed that they adopted because the variety is high yielding and profitable. 55.38% of those who did not adopt revealed that dis-adoption is influenced by the availability and accessibility of local cuttings compared to improved cuttings.

Hemorrhagic stroke is the leading cause of disability related to stroke, it is caused by the rupture of cerebral blood vessels. The rupture of the blood vessels pours the blood into the surrounding tissues causing the hematoma. In general, it is by simple visual reading of the brain CT scan image that the specialist must make a decision about the evolutionary stage and decide on the management. The present work aims to quantify the hyperacute and subacute stages of hemorrhagic stroke. We used a material consisted of haemorrhagic stroke CT scan images collected at Cotonou National University Hospital (CNHU-HKM) scanner unit. We also used MATLAB R2015a as processing environment. The proposed method is based on a priori knowledge of the hematoma, especially on its transformations during evolutionary stages. The method consisted in modeling by mathematical functions the distribution of oxyhemoglobins in the hematoma. On a sample of a database of 102 images, the method yielded a pass rate of 86.23%. This method of dating the hematoma will certainly be a decision-making tool in the diagnosis and management of haemorrhagic stroke.

The Algerian Numidia (North-East of Algeria) is composed of twenty freshwater bodies, most of which are marshy and enclosed in forested areas, some of them such as (Lake Tonga, Garaet Hadj-Tahar ....) have a legal protection (Ramsar site). They are rich in aquatic herbarium and attract a wide variety of aquatic birds. They have also the ability to store and restore progressively large amounts of water and allow the supply of groundwater and surface water.The ecological balance of these aquatic ecosystems is threatened by the impact of several factors such as unfavorable climatic changes and anthropogenic impact. In fact, discharges of domestic wastewater, directly, and without any prior treatment in certain water bodies, are the main causes of the ecological imbalance, which have adverse consequences on the environmental, agricultural, economic and health levels.In order to make an assessment of the bacteriological and physicochemical quality of the water of these hydro-systems, we have chosen 6 marshes of this complex: Garaet Beni M'hamed, Garaet Lemsaouessa, Garaet Chichaya, Garaet Sidi Makhlouf, Garaet Hadj Tahar and Garaet Sidi Magroun. For each site we have selected two sampling points.According to the results of the bacteriological and physicochemical analyzes, we found that all the water samples studied had a fair to good quality with minimal contamination at the exception of Garaet Lemsaouessa and Garaet Chichaya. The latter were characterized by the presence of germs, especially indicators of faecal contamination.

In Burkina Faso, corpses discoveries are common especially in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso respectively the political and the economical capitals. These two towns are the most populous cities of this country. With a low rate of elucidation of criminal cases, legal entomology remains an asset for investigators if it is known. The purpose of the present study was to take stock of the knowledge of legal entomology among the main actors involved in the criminal investigations in Burkina Faso. To conduct this study, 192 actors in the judicial chain have been concerned. Among these actors, there was 107 policemen (55. 7%), 40 gendarmes (20.8%), 33 magistrates (17.2%) and 12 doctors (6.3%). After explaining the details of the survey, a series of questions was submitted to them. Of those responding, 86% recognized the importance of legal entomology and its introduction in their basic training.

This study examines the effect of personal, sociodemographic, and academic characteristics on the performance of undergraduate students at Kisangani University. Its objectives are to identify the effect of personal, sociodemographic and academic characteristics on the performance of first-year students on the one hand and to identify the determinants of first-degree success. For its realization, we worked with a sample of 200 randomly selected subjects in a population of 1188 subjects. The data collection was carried out using a questionnaire sent to the respondents and the documentary technique which led us to exploit the results of the students. In the end, it should be concluded that the performance of the subjects involved in this research is low. This was not positively impacted by the personal, school and sociodemographic characteristics described in this study. The effect of all these features is negative. As a result, these characteristics are far from being considered as determinant of the success of first-year students. Success is determined by several other factors, beyond the characteristics described at this level.