The study was conducted to identify the job satisfaction factors and measure the level of job satisfaction of mobile telecom sector employees in Bangladesh. For this purpose 220 data were collected from six largest mobile companies. Job satisfaction survey (JSS) questionnaire contain three (pay/benefits, organizational factors and managerial factors) main factors and within three factors sixteen sub factors were used to collect respondents opinion regarding to the job satisfaction. Pearson chi-square and correlation were used to test the hypothesis. The result shows employees are moderately satisfied with pay/compensation, fringe benefits, workplace, organizational reputation, supportive management. Employees are slightly satisfied contingent rewards, recognition, co-workers behavior, logistics support, relationship with supervisor, proper communication. On the other hand employees are dissatisfied on promotion, job security, work-load, organization rules and regulation, sense of achievement. The result also shows demographic variables (age, sex educational level) are negatively related with overall job satisfaction of the employee. Finally this is found 34.1% employees are satisfied and 13.2% employees are dissatisfied towards the overall job satisfaction factors.

Coffee is, well-known to be a cultivation of inter tropical areas. Its ecological conditions are constantly observed. We have mentioned that the grouping of Lungendo is situation in a mountainous inter tropical region (area).
That's the reason why its population cultivate coffee has been one of the helpful cultivate and a major source of income for many families living in that grouping. Statistics analysis and found in this area in a solution to different economical (problems) financial and social problems since the cultivation of banana (has been ruined). Which was the first economical resource has been found that head of a family gets US 500 harvest within 12 months.
This amount of money seems to be not satisfactory according to large numbers of people in family to support.
The recommendation given I this piece of work will help, if they are well applied and the cultivation of coffee can increase and become more helping to Lungendo population.

The purpose of the current study is to show the statistical linkage between CSR expenditure of financial service firm mainly DBBL and its financial performance on the basis of some key parameters that attempts to contribute to the existing knowledge of corporate social responsibility initiatives by businesses and its ability to influence their financial performance. Consequently, the main objective is to examine the relationship between CSR and financial performance of the banking sector. For this purpose, various financial drivers are used such as EPS, DPS, NPAT, ROE, EVA ROA, MVA and, ROE and ROI. After getting all the relevant data from secondary sources like annual reports and reports from Bangladesh Bank, statistical tool like multivariate analysis in the form of Bi-variate Regression is used to depict the relationship and the developed hypotheses are tested by using Univariate analysis in the form of one sample t test under parametric test. The major finding of this study demonstrates evidence that there is a statistical significant linkage between CSR and Performance of the sample bank.

In order to promote Jatropha curcas as bioenergy without food crops are abandoned, the objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of intercropping J.curcas peanuts and corn on the parameters J.curcas growth and production J.curcas, corn and peanuts according to different types of gauges. A randomized block design was used and the R software was used for analysis of variance between the different tested objects. The association with the J.curcas has a significant effect on the weight of the ears of corn after two years of cultivation. The spacing 3x3 m performance and promotes more 4x2 m promotes vegetative growth. The association with peanut has no significant effect on growth and yield. The effect of the combination on the J.curcas is significant as regards the number of secondary branches, seeds and fruit weight. The interaction between intercropped crops is not detrimental to the J. curcas as speculation grown in association have a short cycle and do not develop a root system and strong shade to the J. curcas as speculation grown in association have a short cycle and do not develop a root system and strong shade to compete J. curcas.

Fuzzy systems have been used in maintenance and have achieved successful results, however, there are many fields of application inside the area that haven't been sufficiently explored, such as in this case, the diagnosis of electric motors aging. In this work, the basis of fuzzy systems is reviewed making emphasis to the Mamdani inference model and its application for the diagnosis of electrical motors aging is proposed, with the finality of obtaining an aging coefficient that can be used as a fundamental element in industrial maintenance. For the antecedent part are considered as principal variables the temperature, the electric current and the voltage, and for the consequent part the output is the aging coefficient. The system was based in an electric motor which specifications were used to model the system. The knowledge base of the system was extracted from the documentation available, the constant monitory of induction motors and expert's knowledge. The system was applied using a set of hypothetic data to show the system behavior and results showed that the system could be successfully used to represent the human knowledge and benefits of its application are represented with fastest and safest diagnosis, reduction of human errors, improvements in reliability of the motors operation, among others.

Since 1986 when the first case of AIDS client was reported in Swaziland, HIV has spread at an alarming rate. Swaziland is leading in the Sub-Saharan Africa and globally on HIV and AIDS pandemic with an estimated prevalence of 26% among adults aged 18 – 49 years. About 6,448 children in Swaziland are on anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Poor adherence to ART results in increased opportunistic infections, increased viral load, drug resistance, poor quality of life, and reduced life expectancy among the children.
The purpose of the study was to describe ART related challenges faced by caregivers of HIV positive children. The sample comprised 25 female caregivers. The findings revealed significant correlations: between the caregiver's education and relationship with the health care provider (r = -0.413, p < 0.05); employment and forgotten doses (r = 0.502, p < 0.05); duration of being on ART and forgotten doses (r = -0.403, p < 0.05); side effects and forgotten doses (r = -0.474, p < 0.05); age of child and difficulty in taking medicines (r = -0.529, p = 0.01); age of care-recipient and familiarity with prescribed ART (r = 0.461, p < 0.05); and between age of care-recipient and relationship with health care provider (r = 0.448, p < 0.05).
Caregiver challenges related to adherence to ART included the care-recipient having too many drugs to take; taste of the medication; age of the care-recipient; experiencing side effects from ART; lack of disclosure and social support; and forgetting. Based on the study findings it is recommended that health care providers strengthen their relationship with caregivers; and develop strategies that will assist working caregivers to reduce forgotten doses; advocate for few drugs; assist the caregiver in disclosing the status of the care-recipient to the care-recipient and family; and advise on measures to alleviate the side effects from ART.

The Mbiye Island is a forest reserve managed by the University of Kisangani. It is currently undergoing an unprecedented anthropization related to the manufacture of charcoal. This practice leads to forest loss peril. This study has the following specific objectives: To assess the impact of charring on the ecosystems of the island Mbiye. Assess profitability or profits from charring wood in the household coal. To collect data, a sample of 40 peoples was drawn from randomized in five villages of the island Mbiye. These villages are: Akoka, Kolema, lilo, Makululu and Mongaliema. Respondents were questioned individually on the basis of a survey sheet. It observes five major activities that carbonization ranks first (50%). The Mongaliema town ranks first in the production of wood or 23.7 %, followed Makululu with 22.2%, with 20.7% Akoko and finally Kolema,Lilo have a low percentage (14.8% and 18, 5% respectively). The most used in the manufacture of charcoal from trees bordering the forest reserve of the island are: Gilbertiodendron dewevrei 95%, Cynometras essili and Irvingia gabonensis 75% and finally Fagara macrophylla and Xylopia aethiopica 45%. Revenues or 62.5% from the carbonization for coal are affected more in the education of children and health care. The dependence of the latter charcoal depends on deforestation and degradation of forest ecosystems of the planet in general and the forest reserve of the island especially Mbiye. Following these questions, we issued the assumptions that the deforestation, depletion of forest species used in the production of charcoal, degradation of forest ecosystems and climate change would be the major impacts of this activity.

The present work carried out in Masako forest reserve, updates the data on regeneration of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei through its youthful (1 ≤ dbh < 10 cm). To carry out our study, twelve 50 m × 50 m plots were established on a 2100 m transect in G. dewevrei based mono-dominant forest. The aim in view was to see how is held the regeneration of this last through its youthful in the Masako forest reserve. We hypothesized that the youthful ones would develop under canopée in a uniform way in all the pieces. To this end, 1652 individuals grouped in five diameter classes : class 1 with 1364 individuals (83%), followed by class 2 with 241 individuals (15%), class 3 with 34 individuals (2%), class 4 with 9 individuals (1%) and then class 5 with 4 individuals (0.2%). This result shows that regeneration of G. dewevrei at youthful stage is not uniform, according to their heterogeneous distribution (Coefficient of variation: 63.5%). Individuals in classes 4 and 5 are less represented because they are exploited much by the local community for the building work.

From a perspective of selection participatory, this study is designed to identify patterns of peasant seed management of okra cultivated in Burkina Faso and determine their influence on seed germination quality. Exploration-collection of seeds of okra and Ethnobotanical survey were carried out in three climatic zones of Burkina Faso. One hundred and ninety two (192) okra accessions have been collected among which 48 were submitted to the germination laboratory test according to the mode of operation Between Paper (Bio of Aquitaine, 2013). The mode of acquisition of seeds by farmers is mainly the purchase (15%) or inheritance (26%). The majority of the seed, that is 90% are traditional seeds, kept and managed by the farmers themselves. Seventy-four percent (74%) of producers including consisting of mosse and the bwabas establish their collection of seed by selection of the first three and keep them with the whole capsules. Other ethnic groups however ignore the position of the fruits on the plant in the constitution of their seeds and keep them in the form of seeds, not capsule. High variability associated with the seed weight and germination rate was observed among accessions. The variability is less influenced by ethnic group (R2 = 7.4%), administrative region and climate zone: peasant seeds have a high germination rate at 86% on average. A significant correlation (r= 0,334*) exists between the rate of germination and the weight of seeds. The selection of the first three fruits for the constitution of okra seed and the conservation of seeds in capsules are good farming practices promoting the germination rate of the seeds.

Sampling of water from the drilling Abouabou was used to measure the following physico-chemical parameters such as pH, electric conductivity, temperature, turbidity, content of silica, chlorides, aluminum, zinc, magnesium, manganese, copper, ammonium, sulfates, nitrates, nitrites, phosphates and fluorides.
Drilling Abouabou aims to increase water supply capacity of the city of Abidjan and its surroundings. Analysis of physical parameters indicates a neutral pH average of 6.8 ± 0.16 units and an average temperature of 28.83 ± 0.7 ° C. The water is highly mineralized and low in suspended solids with a conductivity average of 2990.83 ± 31.55 μS.cm-1 and an average turbidity 0.862 ± 0.91 NTU. The chemical analyzes, in turn, reveal a significant salinity making the water unsuitable for human consumption without pretreatment. A strong correlation is shown between the contents of chlorides and the physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, turbidity, content of iron and manganese. This shows that the drilling of water quality is mainly governed by the chloride contents. The geographical location of the structure near the Atlantic Ocean, deep character and a captive of the web (Continental Terminal) and the absence of solid salts (evaporites) in the formations traversed by drilling suggest two mechanisms either a seawater intrusion, a salinity heritage.

The present work aims at the realization of a biostratigraphic study based on planktonic foraminifera associations to the transition between the middle Eocene (Bartonian) and late Eocene (Priabonian) in the section of Ben Attya (BAT).
This outcrop is flush in pelagic deposits of external Rif. The lithological point of view, the base of the section consists mainly of calcareous clay with flint sandstone intercalated with marl. Its upper part shows gray marl overlying limestone cement sandstone. The micropaleontological study to recognize associations of planktonic foraminifera characteristic of the Middle and Upper Eocene.
The Middle Eocene (Bartonian) is characterized by the association of species Acarinina pseudotopilensis, Acarinina topilensis, Acarinina spinoinflata, Acarinina bullbrooki, Truncorotaloides libyaensis, Turborotalia frontosa, Morozovella lehneri, Morozovella crassata, Orbulinoides beckmanni, Hantkenina dumblei, Turborotalia boweri, Hastigerina cf. bolivariana and Hantkenina liebusi. The Upper Eocene (Priabonian) is highlighted by the presence of species Globigerinatheka semiinvoluta, Hantkenina alabamensis, Globigerinatheka tropicalis, Turborotalia cerroazulensis, Turborotalia cocoaensis, Turborotalia cunialensis and cribrohantkenina inflata.
Over the entire range studied, five (5) expansion biozones have been recognized. The biozones Morozovella lehneri, Orbulinoides beckmanni and Morozovella crassata are characteristic of Bartonian. The biozone Globigerinatheka semiinvoluta covers the transition from Bartonian and Priabonian. The last biozone (at Globigerinatheka index) corresponds to the lower part of Priabonian.

Investigation of an optimized model and the behavior of the properties of Tsunami waves and nature of the earthquake based on Accelerometer, float level sensor and Microcontroller is the main objective of the research paper. Models that describe different components of the Tsunami detector are addressed and their implementations into Proteus and PCB are described. Tsunami is hazards that threaten many countries. To protect people from this hazard, a warning system must rapidly and effectively provide critical information to those at risk to motivate them to take appropriate actions to save their lives. The proposed Tsunami detector model has a set of accelerometer, Float level sensor, microcontroller and buzzer which detects the Tsunami waves as well as earthquake. Simulation and practical implementation results show that the controllers can detect earthquake as well as Tsunami waves very precisely under the hazard conditions. The controllers show very good dynamic and transient performances.

Elastofibroma dorsi (ED) is a rare, benign soft tissue tumor arising from connective tissue and usually found in the subscapular region. We conducted this retrospective study to contribute to a better understanding of this tumor, the pathogenesis of which is still unclear.
Methods: We reviewed the medical records of six patients (4women, 2men) treated for ED at our institution.
Results: The mean age was 48 (range, 33-63). The tumor was located on the right in one patient, on the left in three. One patient had a bilateral localization. One patient had three localizations. Two patients presented with symptoms of pain and clunking of the scapula on shoulder abduction. All patients underwent complete marginal resections. The resected tumors ranged in size from 47 mm to 85mm. two recurrence has been observed in follow-up of four months and six months in the same patient.
Conclusions: Elastofibroma dorsi should be considered in differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumors due to their specific location. As it exhibits benign behavior, it should be surgically removed only in symptomatic patients.

This study uses two models to analyze the determinants of female labor force participation (FLFP) and sectoral choices females in the Cameroon labor market. Data used in this study have been taken from the second Survey on Employment and the Informal Sector (EESI 2) conducted in 2010 in Cameroon. From the descriptive analysis, it was seen that out of the 34,500 observations 50.25% are women aged 15 to 65. A probit regression was used to analyze the determinants of FLFP. Among the key determinants of FLFP were age and education. More so, females who live in urban areas, who are household heads, and who have tertiary education are more likely to participate in the labor market. Using a multinomial logit model, the study analyses the sectoral choices for women given their participation in the labor market. The results also showed that females who have tertiary education, are Protestants, married, divorced and reside in urban areas are more likely to work in the industrial, commerce and service sectors. The policy implication on the basis of the above discussions is that if greater participation of women in the labor force is a desirable goal, Government should focus on the education for women and equally increase job opportunities in order to reduce the number of rural-urban migrating female jobs seekers.

Peasants from Kabare area following the example of other African peasants continually fight for their own promotion. They are grouped into local organizations to struggle in common together. With other peasants to search for agricultural promotion. They have become aware that only the use of fertilizer, agricultural techniques and breeding cannot reach agricultural promotion in Kabare area.
The peasants from Kabare with support of some development organizations have been aware that participation is an important ingredient of the agricultural promotion. It is a dynamic as it is a daily struggle involving all people and contributes to the rural agricultural emergence which is indeed considered as an important element of development.

This paper presents simulations of the energy consumption for heating and cooling of residential building, by using different methods concerning thermal zoning. In this study we compared the simulation results of the single and the detailed zoning strategies. The Zoning is done during model creation to define its complexity. The Simulated models have been performed using the Program Ecotect. According to The results of this study, it was determined that the simulated energy load and indoor temperature were particularly sensitive to the thermal zoning, outdoor temperature and the rate of air exchange.

In this study, the macroscopic and microscopic characters of Panaeolus semiovatus (Sowerby's. Lundell & Nannf., (1938), coprophile fungus, have studied and illustrated.

Treatment failures and the more high cost of treatment of infections caused by resistant bacteria called to find other care alternatives. This study was initiated to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the aqueous extract from Hunteria ebunea stem bark on multi-resistant strains. The methods of diffusion in agar and liquid media were used for susceptibility testing and MIC and MBC determination. The tests were performed on four multi-resistant strains isolated from patients and three reference strains were used as control. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the extracts ranged from 3,12 mg/mL and 50 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentrations between 25 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL. The results obtained show that all the bacterial strains are sensitive to aqueous total extract. This extract is bactericidal on S. aureus, E. coli and bacteriostatic on P. aeruginosa. This migth justify the use of Hunteria eburnea trunk back in the treatment of various infections in traditional settings.

The study was to know the water enterobacteria likely to harm the health of people in the group of Irhambi. Bacteriological analyzes of water sources, streams and rivers have been made. The results of the study show that the water sources, streams and rivers run through inhabited areas and bacteriological analysis shows that the water is contaminated, while the population obtains this water for drinking Gram Negative Bacilli and Unidentified (BGNNI), Kligler and Escherichia coli are present in some sources, streams and rivers of the search sites in the group of Irhambi. Thus, the Arab latrine pit is in the vicinity of sources of water. Animal faeces, dung and waste (rest of the kitchen, crop tops, etc.), used as fertilizer by farmers are at the base of groundwater contamination in runoff and infiltration of water rain hence the pollution of the water. The population and the landscape assainisse the environment of water points, and respects the minium distance of 25m between wells and latrines and the development partners keep telling support the strengthening of the remediation work at the households and financially support activities against pollution of water in the grouping. That governmental authorities, by encouraging health education awareness campaigns on the media and make continuous monitoring of water consumption in said group.

This study aims to investigate the impact of SMS advertisement on Pakistani female consumers. A conceptual model is created that is based on a prior literature to discover factors affecting female consumer’s acceptance on mobile marketing. A survey is conducted by self-administered questionnaire and 200 samples are collected from Pakistan through online and offline questionnaires and seven hypotheses are tested, using analysis. This study focuses on three basic factors, i.e. personal information, accessing contacts and perceived value as independent factors and mobile marketing acceptance as dependent factor. The result of the study signifies that there is a great connection between these variables and mobile marketing acceptance. Conclusion, study limitations and future study are presented in this paper. Mobile marketing is considered as an innovative form of marketing and gives expose to the corporations, to do firm Marketing action performance via mobile devices, these devices allow advertisers to indirectly communicate with likely customers in a quick speed and despite the geographical differences. Mostly people are running after smart phones, for that reason the researches about attitude towards mobile advertising was accepted according to cultural orientation. Recently, the reasons for fastest growth in Smartphone are growing functionality and low cost data plans. These advance functionalities have raised new challenges for marketing researchers and marketers.

In Ivory Coast, the barks of Enantia polycarpa and the leaves of Bersama abissynica, two medicinal species are usually used by populations to treat various diseases such as malaria, diarrheas and cutaneous diseases. To estimate the biological dangers connected to the frequent use of these medicinal plants, the current study was undertaken with objective to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of 70% ethanolic extract on Human Foreskin Fibroblast (HFF) cells in the in vitro culture. 70% ethanolic extract of plants were prepared and the colorimetric test of the MTT is used to evaluate the toxicity of these extracts. The results proved that the ethanolic extract of Enantia polycarpa showed the biggest yield (56,4%). The 70 % éthanlic extract of Bersama abissynica is not cytotoxic at 1000 µg / ml concentration, but mitogen. Our study has shown that the ethanolic extract of Bersama abissynica stimulates HFF cells in division growth (268%). While Enantia polycarpa seems cytotoxic on HFF cells at 1000 µg / ml concentration (36% of viability confluents cells and 55% of viability cells in division). Such results well support that the moderate use of these medicinal plants only represents a limited risk in terms of toxicity. However, follow-up studies must be envisaged in order to determine the chemical compounds responsible of the cytotoxic effect at Enantia polycarpa and those responsible for the mitogen effect at Bersama abissynica.

Tunisia, like many countries, human consumption based on the consumption of cereals. Despite the importance of these products, there is the remarkable losses during the medium and long-term storage. Reducing the deficit of these grains lives by reducing losses in quantity, quality before and after harvest. Identification of losses through an experimental study and statistical analysis to know the end, and the time of occurrence of qualitative loss of hard wheat during the period of storage under control and experimental cells. In this local durum wheat storage monitoring study during 06 months. The temperature influences and harmful shriveled grains of around 18% of total quality losses the first two months of storage. While the Moisture affects all that dirt, dust and broken grains sprouted favoring the appearance of live and dead insects from the third month storage represents 64% of total losses.

To deal with the soil fertility decrease, farmers in general and farmers producing vegetables in particular adopt various cropping practices of soils fertility management and conservation. This survey aims at identifying the cropping practices which allow the farmers to carry out the maximum of yield and maximize the return to production factors. To reach this objective, investigations have been led by one hundred and twenty (120) vegetable producers in Malanville. These producers have been carried out at random. The data concerning their socioeconomic characteristics and the cropping practices of soils fertility management and conservation have been collected through an enquiry questionnaire. From the data collected, it comes out that the cropping practices of soils fertility management and conservation permit to increase the crops’ outputs. This contribution to the output improvement varies significantly from a practice to another for tomato and gumbo but stay invariant for onion and pimento. All cropping practices of soils fertility management and conservation are economically and financially profitable. Actually, five (05) factors determine producers’ economic efficiency level. These are about the total land size in use for vegetable production, the grouping adherence, the household size, the number of agricultural workers and the producer's experience in vegetable production.

This paper investigates the determinants of the economic profitability of cashew nuts marketing in North-Eastern Benin. The study was conducted in the municipality of Tchaourou by using survey methods on respondents randomly selected from different categories of actors interacting on the market. Primary data were collected with respect to the marketing year 2013-2014 on up to 160 cashew nut traders such as 91 collectors, 25 retailers, 31 semi-wholesalers and 13 wholesalers. The methodological approach used was based on the paradigm Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP). As a result, four types of marketing systems of cashew nuts were identified in the municipality of Tchaourou. The analysis of the net margins showed that the cashew nuts marketing in Tchaourou generates average net margins of about 9.08fcfa/Kg for the collectors; 13.12 fcfa/Kg for the retailers, 10.56 fcfa/Kg for the semi-wholesalers and 21.16 fcfa/Kg of cashew nut for the wholesalers.The test of ANOVA highlighted a significant difference between these average values of net margins recorded by the different actors. Moreover the marital status, the experience in marketing, the invested capital in the campaign, the cost of commercial labor and the category of commercial actor determine the level of economic profitability of cashew nuts marketing. As a matter of fact, a particular attention has to be given to these determinants in order to sustain the cashew nuts marketing field in North-Eastern Benin.

Generalized or localized gingival recession can be caused by periodontal disease, improper flossing, aggressive tooth brushing, incorrect occlusal relationships, and dominant roots. Gingival recession remains one of the main esthetic concern for the patient. Various procedures have been employed for the management of gingival recessions. The present case report employs the use of an Acellular Dermal Matrix Allograft (Alloderm®) to increase the width of attached gingival.