Irrigated crops are the government's preferred option for combating the quasi-structural food insecurity in rural Niger. These crops are developing in a context of degradation of natural resources, especially water and land, the main factors of production. In the rural commune of Dan Barto and in the other rural communities of Niger, the increase of the yields must pass by an efficient control of these principal resources. This study, which focuses on the evolution of water and land resources, aims to analyze the evolution factors seen by local populations in order to promote irrigation in the area. The methodology was based on an analysis of quantitative and qualitative data collected in the field using an interview guide and a questionnaire. Two types of interview (individual and focus group) allowed the collection of data. The main results show that the Dan Barto site exploits surface water. This resource has evolved according to the majority of farmers. Irregular rainfall and silting are the main causes. With regard to the land, it is the mode of access that knows an evolution, diversifying around the inheritance.

This study deals with farmers' perceptions of climate change and adaptation strategies in the main economic activities (agriculture and livestock) in the village of Baoucheri. Data were collected through a methodological approach focused primarily on qualitative surveys (individual interviews), quantitative (individual questionnaire survey) and focus group. The results show that farmers clearly perceive climate change. These translate into a decline and spatiotemporal irregular rainfall, extreme events such as high heat, high intensity of rain, flooding and high winds. These elements have an impact on agriculture, livestock and natural resources resulting in lower agricultural yields, reduced livestock and degradation of natural resources. In response to these constraints the main strategies adopted by farmers are: the rural exodus, agro-pastoralism, animal sales, reducing the number of meals per day, use of organic fertilizers and adoption of the domestic livestock and intensifying market gardening.

Created in 1954 by the colonial authorities and erected as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 1996, the W Park (1,023,000 ha) is spread over Niger, Benin and Burkina Faso. The goal through this classification is to protect biodiversity. For added protection, the Niger erea part is framed by Wildlife Tamou Total Reserve (140 000 ha), the Dosso Partial Reserve (306 000 ha) and a buffer zone, shared between the rural districts of Tamou Kirtachi and Falmey. In 1976, half the Reserve Tamou was decommissioned by the public authorities to resettle the people of Zarmaganda severely affected by the drought of 1973. With the drought of 1984-1985, a major additional flow was recorded. The scarcity of resources due to demographic growth has led people to put pressure on protected resources of the Park through the illegal deforestation, illegal transhumance, poaching and bush fires. To reverse this trend, alternative solutions for participatory management combining sustainable conservation and economic development of local communities, are needed. It will contribute to ownership of the protected area by these populations in their diversity. Adjustments related to the different activities performed must be done. Pastoral and agricultural areas must be designed to enhance productivity. This is accompanied by the promotion of income generating activities (beekeeping, fishing and hunting zones creation) to diversify sources of income and the fight against poverty.