The study on the efficacy of phytosanitary treatment programs based on neem extract or kaolin was undertaken in the center of Benin. The objective of the work was to identify a treatment program that is more effective than the outreach in the area. To achieve this goal, a Fisher block device with 6 treatments and 4 repetitions were set up on two sites. The treatments developed consisted of an untreated plot; of a treated plot to the program popularized (PP); of a plot treated exclusively in Kaolin 5%; of a plot receiving: 3 neem-2 emamectine/acetamipride-2 neem; of a plot receiving: 2 emamectine/acetamipride -2 neem-1 emamectine/acetamipride -2 neem and of a plot treated in the mixture of neem + emamectine/acetamipride on 7 applications. Ten applications were conducted with the kaolin used alone and 7 with the other objects. The results showed good control of endocarpiques larvae by programs N°4 and N°6, consisting respectively of 3neem-2 emamectine/acetamipride-2 neem and of 7 treatments in the neem mixture emamectine/acetamipride. The average number of larvae in the green bolls obtained on plots treated following these two programs has not been statistically different from that of the treated plots following the program popularized in the area. This average number of larvae was also reduced as compared to untreated parcels (p=0.0029). The program exclusive to the kaolin 5% has controlled the endocarpiques larvae, Pectinophora gossypiella and Thaumatotibia leucotreta as well as the popularized program. The number of plants attacked by pests of foliage, including Haritalodes derogata and Aphis gossypii has been reduced respectively by 34.7% and 47% against 95.6 and 82.4% on average by the other treatment programs. The program N°5, starting by two treatments to emamectine/acetamipride was in contrast less effective on the control of the endocarpiques larvae in the area. This study has shown that phytosanitary treatment program consisting of applications of neem extracts alternating or in mixture with an alternative product to pyrethroids can effectively control endocarpiques larvae on cotton, limiting resistance to insecticides and reduce The stress on environment due to chemicals.

From the market gardening activities that they carry out the urban farmers play an important economic role in contributing in a significant way, to the revenue of their households. The aim of the present article is to characterize the urban market gardening and to analyze its economic profitability in Parakou (north Benin) on the basis of the net margin of production. In that respect, some data have been collected from 125 producers and resource persons selected in a rational way in the city of Parakou. The analysis of the data collected on the basis of a questionnaire has been made with the help of descriptive statistics and tests of Khi-deux (χ2) of Pearson. The results have shown that the market gardening activity is exercised by men (84.67 %) and women (15.33 %) of 19 to 70 years old with 1 to 50 years experience. The tools used are still rudimentary and archaic. The application of fertilizer (organic and mineral) has brought out a cost which is up to 53.71 % of the expenses. The gross revenue of such exploitation is up to 11 150 F CFA with a gross margin of 6775 F CFA. The net monthly salary of the producers is on average up to 172 621 F CFA corresponding to a monthly salary of a senior staff in the Beninese public administration which is four times the GDMS (Guaranteed Decent Minimum Salary). This is to say that market gardening in Parakou is economically profitable in terms of net margin of production. It is then useful for the actors to work in synergy in view of a sustainable development of that activity through the improvement of agricultural practices, land securing and the access of the producers to adapted credits.