This study assessing the adoption of three varieties of rice altitude marshes come from the Agricultural Research Center / RUBONA of Rwanda to the soil and climatic conditions of eastern DR Congo, specifically NSRF / Lwiro in Kabare territory in South Kivu.
Furthermore, we observed that the rooting of these four varieties length corresponded to that determined by several authors, the longest being that of the control variety (Vo46) followed by the variety FACAGRO 56. This confirmed that soil of eastern DRC is of good structure and texture and is well ventilated; which facilitates root development and mineral nutrition.
Variety FACAGRO 908 is placed in first position with respect to the number of productive tillers. This depends on factors like good spacing, early weeding, soil fertility and favorable genetic heritage.
As regards the weight of 1000 grains, and Vo46 varieties WAT 1276-22-2 were considered good productivity as giving a higher weight of grain (32g).
This difference in weight is due to the size of the seeds of these varieties with respect to others.
Irrigated rice is the system that gives the greatest return with 4-8 t / ha of paddy, the results of these tests have shown that all tested varieties are profitable with the head of the ranking, the Vo46 variety. The variety Vo46 had produced 7,26t / ha followed by the variety FACAGRO 908 with 5,567t / ha then comes WAT1276-22-2 with 5,133t / ha and 56 FACAGRO with 5,033t / ha.
The goal fundamental of this work, consist in studying the state phytosanitary of cassava in the rural area on the west coastline of Lake Kivu in South Kivu Province (DR Congo). So five illnesses have been signaled like constraints to the culture of cassava in the rural area of the South Kivu. The higher incidence of Cassava Mosaic Virus (CMV) has been recorded in Mudaka grouping with 77.6%. The severity in that area was 3.25. The lower incidence was found in Irhambi-Katana area with 67.3%. The overall average of CMV incidence in the rural area was 69.49%. The overall average CMV severity was 3.14. The Cassava Green Mite (CGM) was signaled in the rural area with an incidence of 27.38% and severity of 2.49. The highest incidence was found in Miti area with 52.17%. The severity in that area was 3.08. The anthracnose was signaled in rural area of South Kivu province with an incidence of 8.59% and severity of 2.39. The higher incidence was recorded in Mudaka area with 15.68% and lower incidence in Miti area with 5.46%. The Cassava leaf disease task was signaled in the rural area with an incidence of 49.3% and severity of 2.36. The highest incidence was recorded in Miti area with 65.44% and lower incidence in Irhambi-Katana area with 40.29%. The Mealy Bug (MB) has been signaled in the rural area with an incidence of 12.11% and severity of 2.3.
Managing the post-weaning period in children-farm in North Kivu is a problem that requires the use of local products of agriculture. A composite flour made from corn, sweet potato, pumpkin and soy has been proposed to substitute breast milk. Three treatments were then developed with each clean overalls him. The physico-chemical analyzes and the organoleptic characteristics tests were then performed on the three treatments at the end of which the following results were obtained: - Treatment III, containing 30% corn, 40% of sweet potato, squash 10% and 20% soy, was found to be the combination that offers many advantages over other light of its wealth protein, minerals and vitamins; - The composite flour obtained has remarkable physicochemical properties. Low humidity for proper preservation, a protein capable of covering in small quantities the protein needs of children under one year, an acceptable percentage of fat needed to provide essential lipids in the body without so ask digestion or diarrhea problems. The only drawback it has is that it contains few minerals and vitamins. - When compared to breast milk and formulations already developed in the North, the composite flour obtained is illustrated with a high protein content (16%), low humidity and a share of acceptable fat. It also has weaknesses as regards mineral salts and vitamins. - The organoleptic characteristics of this flour have been very interesting with an average rating of "very good" from every point of view whether the aroma, the taste and color.
La production des légumes devient de plus en plus impérieuse dans les agglomérations comme c'est le cas dans la ville de Bukavu dont la population accroit avec une vitesse anachronique au taux de normal de la démographie. Cette étude intéresse la production en termes de biomasse des feuilles de chou rouge et dont l'observation a portée sur la croissance, la formation des pommes et le rendement sous différents traitements d'engrais organiques. Les résultats sont évalués à deux niveaux : Sur le plan de l'analyse physico-chimique des sols, il ressort un apport considérable dans le changement de la composition du sol enrichi. Le fumier est plus remarquable en apport d'azote et de phosphore, l'engrais flamand en complexe d'échanges (Ca, Mg, K) et le phosphore. Sur le plan de l'évolution des plantes, l'engrais flamand vient en premier sur les aspects : nombre (33,8 - 47,4), taille (312cm2 - 902cm2), coloration des feuilles (vert rouge – vert cendre rouge), diamètre de pomme (3,2-6,2), rendement/ poids moyen (0,35kg – 0,65kg). Les résultats pour le fumier et le compost sont de moyenne entre l'engrais flamand et le témoin. Ce qui rassure de remettre à la terre ce qu'elle perd après récolte dans les champs et vendues comme denrées alimentaire. L'engrais flamand et sa production en quantité suffisante dans le cadre d'assainissement des sanitaires à travers la ville de Bukavu, offre une opportunité et constitue une alternative de renforcement dans la production du fumier de la spéculation leguminière.
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