UMRI Sciences Agronomiques et Génie Rural, Ecole Doctorale Polytechnique, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny de Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire
Termites are of ecological and economic importance. The study was carried out to evaluate the attacks of cocoa trees by the termite pests in Tonkpi region. A total of 7 species of termite pests of cocoa trees belonging to 02 families and 4 sub-families were collected in Man and Biankouma plantations. Termite pests harvested at two trophic groups: wood-feeders and fungus growers. The Termitinae with 2 species, the Coptotermitinae and the Nasutitermitinae with 1 species, respectively were recorded and were wood-feeders. Coptotermes intermedius and Microcerotermes fuscotibialis xere the most termite pests of cocoa trees. The Macrotermitinae families were more diversified with 3 species of termite and were fungus-growers. The occurrence frequency of termite pests recorded was lower at Biankouma (<1%) and were between 0.08 and 3.16% at Man plantations. The Shannon’s index value of termite pests was 1.879 and 1.898 at Man and Biankouma, respectively. The attack rates of cocoa tree by termite pests were 9.555% and 2.235% at Man and Biankouma, respectively (F=29.676; ddl= 7; p= 0.002). The cocoa trees protection with biopesticides was recommended for increasing the yield and for termite’s conservation.
This study was conducted in Tiebila and Nafoun, two villages bordering the Badenou classified forest. It aims to highlight the uses of honey by the populations of this area and their apicultural practices that can be encouraged or improved in order to exploit optimally the potential for honey production of this forest. The data were collected using documentation, direct observation in the field, 22 interviews including 14 individuals and eight focus groups. The beekeeping activity is ancestral and essentially based on the «hunt for honey» which uses fire during the harvest of honey. People use honey to meet their nutritional, therapeutic, economic and cultural needs. Several «honey hunters» and former beekeepers have shown interest in modern beekeeping as an economic opportunity. The former traditional and modern beekeepers hold some apicultural knowledge such as the selection of plant species by bees for food, the use of certain plants as attracting swarms to prepare hives to facilitate their colonization by bees. Honey is a multi-purpose product of great importance to the populations of Tiebila and Nafoun. The use of fire during harvesting honey must be avoided. The use of certain plants as attracting swarms is a traditional knowledge and beekeeping know-how whose capitalization in a project of modernization of the beekeeping should allow a reduction of the cost.