This study aimed at examining root causes leading to persistence of land conflicts between Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) and Maasai community in Ngorongoro Conservation Area. Specifically, the study examine causes for land conflicts between Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority and Maasai community and examines efforts made by the government and other stakeholders to resolve land conflicts between Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority and Maasai community. Both primary and secondary data were collected. Primary data were collected through interview, questionnaires and observation. Secondary data were collected from various reports. A total of 109 respondents were drawn from Oloirobi and Moklari /Misigyo villages out of 13,940 populations. The findings concluded that Maasai have little awareness on laws/by-laws on environmental conservation that led to the persistence of land conflicts between Maasai community and Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority. Moreover, the study find that, the number of livestock increase yearly compared to the area located for pastoralists to graze their livestock as a result pastoralists graze in areas which is not allowed.