Insecurity in Bas-Uélé Province raises two fundamental questions: The lack of regional coordination, despite dynamics requiring cross-border collaboration, and security governance shortcomings in the RD Congo (DRC). Persistent security issues in the country highlight an inadequate security and defense policy, with Congolese state actions proving ineffective. This study develops a theoretical model, the « Regionalized Security Model, » rooted in Barry Buzan’s (1991) security complex theory, treating the region as a primary unit of analysis. It aims to address insecurity in Bas-Uélé through regional coordination and local reconstruction.

Access to drinking water remains a major challenge in the Democratic Republic of Congo, particularly in Kinshasa, where rapid population growth exerts intense pressure on existing water infrastructure. In response to this crisis, the population of the Lemba Commune is turning massively to groundwater through an uncontrolled proliferation of individual boreholes, often drilled without adhering to the recommended spacing standards. This situation raises critical issues related to the sustainability of water resources, the stability of aquifers, and environmental quality. This study employs Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools to map the spatial distribution of more than 202 boreholes and analyze their hydrogeological and environmental impacts. The results reveal an excessive densification of extraction points, with distances sometimes reduced to 10-20 meters instead of the regulatory 150 meters, promoting overexploitation of aquifers, anthropogenic pollution, soil subsidence, and degradation of local ecosystems. Furthermore, the pressure exerted during drilling operations can induce local seismic risks, while the decline in groundwater levels compromises access to drinking water and resource quality. This study highlights the importance of integrated and sustainable management of groundwater resources, supported by a dynamic GIS database, strict regulatory policies, and increased public awareness. By combining scientific expertise, geomatics technologies, and political will, it is possible to ensure the sustainability of urban water resources, which are essential for socio-economic development and environmental preservation in a rapidly expanding urban context.

This work focuses on the seismic design of reinforced concrete structures in highly seismic areas such as Goma and Bukavu. Entitled ‘Use of regression functions to highlight correlations between displacements and between the shear forces of masses at each level of the G+9 storey building without shear walls or bracing systems in seismic zones of Goma and Bukavu in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) ’, the study aims to analyze the influence of soil properties on the seismic behavior of a (G+9) or 10 storey building in accordance with the provisions of Eurocode 8. The analyses and designs were carried out according to the norm RPA99 modified 2003, MATLAB (for simplified manual calculations), Robot structural Analysis Professional (for automated calculations), Eurocode 8, Eurocode 2, Reinforced concrete to limit States 91 (mod.99). The building is a ten-storey reinforced concrete structure without shear walls or bracing systems, in order to clearly observe the effect of soil type on dynamic behavior. Two types of analyses were carried out: A manual static analysis for the preliminary design of structural elements (beams, columns, footings), and a modal response spectrum analysis according to Eurocode 8 for seismic evaluation. The results reveal that soft soil from Bukavu (Class C) produces higher internal forces, with an average increase in base shear forces of approximately 41%, and a 42% increase in lateral displacements compared to hard soil from Goma (Class A). Two regression functions use in this work showed the corelation between the displacements and the shear forces of masses of levels of the G+9 storey building without shear walls or bracing systems in seismic zones of Goma and Bukavu. This is due to the amplification of seismic waves in soft soils, which significantly affects tall buildings. Finally, the generated reinforcement plans were adapted to the specific loads for each soil type, highlighting the importance of adjusting the design to local ground conditions. This study underlines the critical impact of soil type on seismic analysis and structural design. It emphasizes the importance of prior geotechnical investigations and strict adherence to Eurocode 8 provisions to ensure structural safety in seismic regions.