Enfidha region is located in the center of Tunisia, marked by its landscape diversity, is subject to land use changes. Based on an interpretation of the 2007 and 2017 Landsat images, the dynamic of land use has been highlighted through a cartographic approach. The results show a significant decline in areas occupied by olive fields and cultivated land, a growth in built-up areas associated with an increase in grassland. However, land use mapping has also enabled us to highlight six types of landscapes, which indicate the diversity of the environments that occupy this area. As a result of demographic pressure and climate change, these landscape presents significant risks of degradation. This method could be useful for decision-makers in order to limit urban sprawl to the benefit of forests and olive groves and to implement a strategy for the protection of the Mediterranean coastline and wetlands.
This study aims to present the benefits of a new methodology based on geographic information systems and remote sensing techniques for the identification and classification of Mediterranean landscapes. The approach has been applied to a coastal region of South East Tunisia: the Zarzis region. It is based on the combination of different satellite Landsat-8 image processing, namely supervised and unsupervised classifications and calculation of radiometric indices. Thematic maps and validation of results by Google Earth images have permitted, in a second step, to offer a touristic destination and geolocation of few stations encompassing representative of the area landscapes. This study presents an innovative methodological approach based on remote sensing and GIS to map the types of landscapes in Zarzis region. This approach may be useful in landscaping projects and as an efficient tool to develop a touristic destination by highlighting each type of landscape.
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