Analysis of peasant practices for the sustainable soy production has been achieved in the district of Kalalé. The objective of this research is to make the census of the different peasant practices which characterize that production, in order to have a compared analysis with the sustainable soy production methods recommended in Benin. The methodological approach use dis based on the structured interview for the farmers and the semi-structured interview for the farmers’ technical coaching agents of Kalalé. The sampling has taken into account 88 soy producers and 09 farmers’ technical coaching agents (TS and ACIPV) from the Kalalé agricultural area. The obtained results indicate that extensive production practices based on rampant increase of farming lands for better yield, has remained low. The Jupiter variety is dominantly farmed (79.54%) followed with the TGX (20.45%). The majority of the farmers (82.95%) take away their seeds from their former stocks, instead of referring to certified seeds. The seeds then are submitted to no prior treatment, nor any inoculation before being sown. Moreover, crops rotation is a common practice in the study area (62.79 %) and the mostly practiced farming system is soy in pure (79.55 %). For the land plowing, most soy farmers (64.77 %) do direct hillocking with bullfinch plought against 3.40 % of farmers who practice the recommended flat plowing, followed with 31.83 % farmer who used big hoes with their hands. All the inquired farmers have densities inferior to the recommended ones (10 cm x 50 cm). Despite the high poverty of soils, the use of organic fertilizers has been observed with none the inquired farmers. The mineral fertilizing is used by very few farmers (04.55 %). Also, dates, periods and doses for handling the fertilizers are not usually respected by those farmers who use them. The phytosanitary protection is totally absent from the study area.