Introduction: Vitex negundo L. (Nisinda locally), belongs to the family Verbenaceae, found almost everywhere in Bangladesh is a medicinal aromatic shrub. Materials and Methods: An attempt was taken to its micropropagation from field-grown explants (shoot-tip) in Murashige and Skoog medium fortified with various concentrations of phytohormones. Results: Experimentally, the best shoot induction was observed in full strength MS medium supplemented with BAP 1.0mg/L and Kin 0.5mg/L. However, 0.5mg/L IBA in half strength MS medium was enabled to induce 80% root initiation with the highest root number and longest shoot length. Well-developed roots were successfully subjected to hardening process and acclimatized. Conclusion: Regenerated plantlets were same as the natural plants and showed 80.56% survival frequency with frisky and seductive appearances without any abnormalities.
The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has been used to analyze genetics, development, and signaling for nearly a century. About 60% of the genes that are believed to cause human disease have found to a recognizable match in the genetic code of the common fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), and 50% of Drosophila's protein sequences are similar to those of mammals. Fruit flies are mostly used in disease analysis of human because their gene and protein similarities are included in an organism with only four pairs of chromosomes, the X/Y sex chromosomes and three autosomes, numbered 2, 3 and 4. The advantages of using Drosophila are that they breed and mature rapidly, are inexpensive and easy to grow, produce several hundred offspring per generation, and need very little space. The fruit fly is also an ideal candidate for human disease studies because simple mutations cause obvious phenotype differences and its genome map has been fully sequenced.
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