The populations of the Zambia-Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) cross-border area are under community tension. This situation endangers peace and peaceful cohabitation between these communities. The major issue remains the desire for the DRC’s mineral, oil, lake (Lakes Tanganyika, Moero, etc.), forestry and soil riches. Zambia no longer accepts its colonial borders and annexes several localities and villages in the chiefdom of Moliro (DRC) to its national territory. Several incursions by Zambia into Congolese territory leading to human rights violations (killings, forced displacement of the population and the replacement of Congolese customary leaders by Zambians, etc.). Mediations in favor of a return to peace between these two countries remain without results. The last is that under the aegis of the Southern African Development Community (SADEC), the objective was to implement the treaty of September 18, 1989 signed by these two countries. On the ground, once again the application of this treaty showed weaknesses in its materialization. This article focuses on the analysis of the effectiveness of the application of the treaty of September 18, 1989 signed by Presidents Mobutu (DRC) and Kaunda (Zambia). The observation is that the geographical coordinates of the different points contained in this treaty are not compatible with the real coordinates of the places in place on the one hand. This treaty, as well as the various attempts to resolve the said conflict, do not integrate local communities into the processes of seeking peace on the other hand.