Several recent studies have aimed to identify and better understand the psychosocial factors that would make it possible to predict health-related behaviors. With this in mind, different psychosocial theories, such as the theory of reasoned action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980), the theory of interpersonal behavior (Triandis, 1980), the social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1982) and that of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1985, 1988, 1991) have been regularly applied. The application of these aforementioned theories for the study of social behaviors linked to health (Godin & al., 1996) is validated by a number of studies.In the same logic, realizing that despite the universal need for blood, access to it still remains difficult and very limited, the study of social representations of blood donation was essential to us.In order to explore and then determine the central and peripheral cores of social representations of blood donation among the populations of Togo, 122 subjects including 53 women and 69 men, using the simple random sampling technique, were interviewed. The evocation questionnaire and the interview made it possible to collect the data. The Evoc 2005 software allowed the processing of the information collected; The intergroup structural analysis of the data shows that the items: «save life», «help» and «serious illness» constitute the central elements of the social representations of blood donation. The populations surveyed have a fairly valued representation of blood donation; there is a real interest in blood donation among the population.