Worldwide, according to the World Health Organization, nearly 3.5 million children under the age of five die each year from diarrheal diseases and pneumonia due to non-compliance with hand hygiene. However, hand washing still remains inaccessible for millions of people (around 40%), most often found in places of learning and in schools. Furthermore, deaths of diarrheal origin attributable to water, hygiene and sanitation problems are burdens linked to unsanitary water, the absence of a sanitation system and lack of hygiene, as well as on the latest estimates of infant and child mortality. This study explores the opinions of street children in the city of Bunia regarding hand hygiene. This is an exploratory type study, during which we used the cross-sectional method. Purposive sampling was used to draw our sample. Thanks to a semi-structural interview to collect data. The results obtained state that: The majority of children think that digestive problems are the consequence of lack of hand hygiene, while others have the opinion that lack of hand hygiene results in respiratory illnesses and finally the majority have the opinion that diseases from dirty hands come from the products contained in the water prepared for hand washing (alluding to chlorine 0.05%). In short, we found that the hand washing devices are non-existent in public places; the consequences of which are enormous especially among children in Situation de la Rue in the city of Bunia.

The population takes care of itself, sometimes abandons first aid structures made affordable for them, and joins informal structures, prayer rooms or alternative medicines, less expensive and considered gentler in rural areas. The situation is becoming more alarming because the population is impoverished, which still does not make the attendance of health centers at the community level always evident. This study aims to describe the impacts of subsidy of care among children under of 5 years in the Bunia health zone. To carry out this work, the transversal method supported by the semi-structural interview made it possible to carry out this work with the 20 ITs in the Bunia health zone. After analysis, we reached the results according to which 85.0% of health structures receive the care subsidy; 55.0% of health structures stipulate the increase in patients as a subsidy advantage; 40.0% of health structures reported the non-treatment of all illnesses as disadvantages of subsidy 35.0% of health structures reported patient satisfaction as socio-economic impacts of subsidy; Health structures reported that the impact of subsidy on quality of service is to offer quality care and not to offer quality care respectively 30.0%; excluding 90.0% of health structures are motivated by the care subsidy; 50.0% of health structures reported the reduction in maternal and neonatal as a subsidy impact on the operation of services; 45.0% of health structures reported the supply of medicines as a type of motivation for care; 60.0% of health structures reported not having a maintenance subsidy of building. Given these results, we believe that the subsidy significantly increases the use of healthcare services and allows the entire population to have access to healthcare.

Low birth weight constitutes a major public health problem, both in developed and developing countries, due to its magnitude and its strong association with infant morbidity and mortality. Nearly 40% of deaths before the age of 5 occur in the neonatal period. Low birth weight is the 3rd cause of death in neonatology, after infections and prematurity. This aims to describe the epidemiological profile of newborns with low birth weight at the HGR/Bunia. results stipulate that the frequency of newborns with low birth weight was 24.45% and this trend is more observed in the month of September, i.e. 43.33%; our studies show that 17.37% of newborns had had Stabilization in an incubator as the main nursing care, 18.13% of newborns had had Ampicillin and gentamicin as the main medical care; in 33.68% the great multiparity was the favoring factor low birth weight linked to the mother; prematurity was the factor favoring low birth weight linked to newborns 45.26%; and 54.21% of newborns with low birth weight were cured. In fact, most of our cases were treated with antibiotics and the majority were cured.