Land is a natural support for agricultural, cultural and social production, which is essential for people living in rural areas. Access to this resource therefore becomes an imperative for survival. In the department of Lakota, for the past two decades, land has been the object of much covetousness, thereby attracting a large migratory flow oriented mainly towards the acquisition of cultivable plots. Thus, in rural areas, competition for access to land and its control intensifies and generates land conflicts in the social body. This study addresses one of the themes that preoccupies, at the national level, the Ivorian state authorities at the highest level: the preservation of land conflicts. The central concern is as follows: how can we preserve land conflicts in rural areas in a context where land remains an essential support for agricultural production so coveted by farmers ? The response to this problem required a methodology based on bibliographic research and field research with farmers, customary and administrative authorities. This approach aims in particular to analyze the determinants of the advent of land conflicts in the department of Lakota and their impact on social cohesion in rural areas. The results show that land conflicts in Lakota result, on the one hand, from the pressure of farmers (indigenous and migrant) on land resources in search of cultivable land, and on the other hand, from the different modes of land transfer and poor agricultural practices associated with it.