The unprecedented proliferation of Small and Medium Enterprises has been witnessed in Goma. This is the reason for our subject on «Impact of Small and Medium Enterprises on the reduction of household poverty in the city of Goma. Our concern was to assess the impact of SMEs (Small and medium Enterprises) on household poverty reduction in the city of Goma. After our research, the study reveals that investments based on income from SMEs increase the chances of households to reduce their poverty, own their own housing and improve their nutritional condition by taking at least a balanced diet. This indeed increases the possibility of the household to improve the living condition and pay the taxes and duties related to the income-generating activity initiated. This allows its sustainability. On the other hand, expenses related to the education of children and health care on the basis of the sole income of the SME, give the manager of the SME less chance of lifting the household out of extreme poverty and increasing the income of the SME. It should be noted that investments in human capital remain commendable in the long term. These results led to the definition of economic policies oriented towards the consolidation and development of small and medium-sized enterprises with a view to the economic development of the city of Goma.