[ Etude des facteurs associés au trachome dans le district sanitaire de Diourbel au Sénégal en 2019 ]
Volume 66, Issue 2, May 2023, Pages 298–305
Diarra Kadidiatou1, Tine Jean Augustin Diégane2, Bassoum Oumar3, and Faye Adama4
1 Service de Médecine Préventive et de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
2 Institut de Santé et Développement (ISED), Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
3 Institut de Santé et Développement (ISED), Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
4 Institut de Santé et Développement (ISED), Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
Original language: French
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Introduction: The objective of the study is to investigate the factors associated with trachoma in the Diourbel Health District (HD) in Senegal in 2019. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study conducted in June 2019 among households in the Diourbel HD. It was a two-stage random sample survey. Data were collected during an individual interview after free and informed consent. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with trachoma. Results: 3544 individuals aged 1 year to 9 years and 3402 individuals aged 15 years and older, respectively in the active trachoma (AT) and trachomatous trichiasis (TT) components were surveyed. Among the 1-9 year olds, 1973 individuals or 55.7% of the respondents were less than 5 years old. 1864 individuals or 52.6% were female. The prevalence of BP was 2.0% [1.5%-2.5%]. Among those aged 15 years and over, 2250 individuals or 66.1% of the respondents were aged 15-44 years. 2498 individuals or 73.4% of the respondents were female. The prevalence of TT was 1.6% [1.1%-2.0%]. Among 1-year-olds to 9-year-olds, the age range 3 years to 4 years: ORA= 2.66 [1.31-5.41] and latrine outside the home: ORA= 17.73 [4.01-78.36] were significantly associated with BP. In the 15+ age group, the age groups 45-64 years: ORA= 17.79 [6.82- 46.37], 65-74 years: ORA= 22.9 [7.98- 65.69], and 75+ years: ORA= 18.83 [5.9- 60.14] were significantly associated with TT. Conclusion: The Diourbel HD validated the WHO criteria for elimination of BP, but TT still remains a public health problem. The risk factors associated with TT were age and latrine outside the home. The risk factor associated with TT was age. Thus, in order to obtain the certificate of elimination of trachoma in the Diourbel Health District by 2024, the focus must be on effective health promotion on the one hand, and on the other hand, on close coordination and multisectoral action in the health sector and beyond.
Author Keywords: Trachoma, factors, Active Trachoma, Trachomatous Trichiasis, Diourbel, Senegal.
Volume 66, Issue 2, May 2023, Pages 298–305
Diarra Kadidiatou1, Tine Jean Augustin Diégane2, Bassoum Oumar3, and Faye Adama4
1 Service de Médecine Préventive et de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
2 Institut de Santé et Développement (ISED), Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
3 Institut de Santé et Développement (ISED), Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
4 Institut de Santé et Développement (ISED), Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
Original language: French
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Introduction: The objective of the study is to investigate the factors associated with trachoma in the Diourbel Health District (HD) in Senegal in 2019. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study conducted in June 2019 among households in the Diourbel HD. It was a two-stage random sample survey. Data were collected during an individual interview after free and informed consent. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with trachoma. Results: 3544 individuals aged 1 year to 9 years and 3402 individuals aged 15 years and older, respectively in the active trachoma (AT) and trachomatous trichiasis (TT) components were surveyed. Among the 1-9 year olds, 1973 individuals or 55.7% of the respondents were less than 5 years old. 1864 individuals or 52.6% were female. The prevalence of BP was 2.0% [1.5%-2.5%]. Among those aged 15 years and over, 2250 individuals or 66.1% of the respondents were aged 15-44 years. 2498 individuals or 73.4% of the respondents were female. The prevalence of TT was 1.6% [1.1%-2.0%]. Among 1-year-olds to 9-year-olds, the age range 3 years to 4 years: ORA= 2.66 [1.31-5.41] and latrine outside the home: ORA= 17.73 [4.01-78.36] were significantly associated with BP. In the 15+ age group, the age groups 45-64 years: ORA= 17.79 [6.82- 46.37], 65-74 years: ORA= 22.9 [7.98- 65.69], and 75+ years: ORA= 18.83 [5.9- 60.14] were significantly associated with TT. Conclusion: The Diourbel HD validated the WHO criteria for elimination of BP, but TT still remains a public health problem. The risk factors associated with TT were age and latrine outside the home. The risk factor associated with TT was age. Thus, in order to obtain the certificate of elimination of trachoma in the Diourbel Health District by 2024, the focus must be on effective health promotion on the one hand, and on the other hand, on close coordination and multisectoral action in the health sector and beyond.
Author Keywords: Trachoma, factors, Active Trachoma, Trachomatous Trichiasis, Diourbel, Senegal.
Abstract: (french)
Introduction: L’étude a pour objectif d’étudier les facteurs associés au trachome dans le District Sanitaire (DS) de Diourbel au Sénégal en 2019. Méthodologie: C’est une étude transversale, descriptive et analytique réalisée en juin 2019 auprès des ménages dans le DS de Diourbel. Il s’agissait d’une enquête par sondage aléatoire à deux degrés. Les données ont été recueillies lors d’un entretien individuel après consentement libre et éclairé. La régression logistique a été utilisée pour identifier les facteurs associés au trachome. Résultats: 3544 individus de 1an à 9 ans et 3402 individus de 15 ans et plus, respectivement dans le volet du trachome actif (TA) et du Trichiasis Trachomateux (TT) ont été enquêtés. Chez les 1an -9ans, 1973 individus soit 55,7% des enquêtés avaient moins de 5ans. 1864 individus soit 52,6% étaient de sexe féminin. La prévalence du TA était 2,0% [1,5%-2,5%]. Chez les 15ans et plus, 2250 individus soit 66,1% des enquêtés étaient entre 15ans-44ans ans. 2498 individus soit 73,4% des enquêtés étaient de sexe féminin. La prévalence du TT était 1, 6% [1,1%-2,0%]. Chez les 1an-9ans, la tranche d’âge 3ans-4ans: ORA= 2,66 [1, 31-5, 41] et la latrine hors de la maison: ORA= 17,73 [4,01- 78,36] étaient significativement associés au TA. Chez les 15ans et plus, les tranches d’âge 45ans-64ans: ORA= 17, 79 [6, 82- 46, 37], 65ans-74ans: ORA= 22, 9 [7, 98- 65, 69] et 75ans et plus: ORA= 18, 83 [5, 9- 60, 14] étaient significativement associés au TT. Conclusion: Le DS de Diourbel a validé les critères d’élimination du TA selon l’OMS, toutefois le TT reste encore un problème de santé publique. Les facteurs de risque associés au TA étaient l’âge et la latrine hors de la maison. Le facteur de risque associé au TT était l’âge. Ainsi pour obtenir le certificat d’élimination du trachome dans le DS de Diourbel d’ici 2024, l’accent doit être mis sur la promotion sanitaire efficace d’une part et d’autre part sur une coordination étroite et une action multisectorielle dans le domaine de la santé et au-delà.
Author Keywords: Trachome, facteurs, Trachome Actif, Trichiasis Trachomateux, Diourbel, Sénégal.
How to Cite this Article
Diarra Kadidiatou, Tine Jean Augustin Diégane, Bassoum Oumar, and Faye Adama, “Study of factors associated with trachoma in the health district of Diourbel in Senegal in 2019,” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 298–305, May 2023.
