[ Evaluation de la bioaccumulation de métaux lourds chez Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Lacepède, 1803), Mormyrops anguilloides (Linnaeus, 1758) et Coptodon rendalli (Boulenger, 1897) ]
Volume 38, Issue 1, August 2018, Pages 185–191
Honoré Kongo Nzapo1, Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua2, Landry A. Bongema3, Gédéon N. Bongo4, Clément L. Inkoto5, Clarisse Falanga Mawi6, Masengo C. Ashande7, Jean-Louis Ndembo N’vale8, Emmanuel L. Lokilo9, and Ruphin D. Djoza10
1 Institut Supérieur des Sciences de Santé de la Croix Rouge, B.P. 12149 Kinshasa I, RD Congo
2 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, BP 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
3 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
4 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, BP 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
5 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
6 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
7 Scientific Committee for Research, Conservation and the Development of Biodiversity, Faculty of Science, University of Kinshasa, RD Congo
8 Département de l’Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Gbado-Lite, B.P. 111 Gbado-Lite, Province du Nord Ubangi, RD Congo
9 Faculté des Sciences, Université de Gbado-Lite, B.P 111 Gbado-Lite, RD Congo
10 Faculté de Médecine, Université de Gbado-Lite, BP 111 Gbado-Lite, Province du Nord-Ubangi, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2018 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The bioaccumulation of four heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd) in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Lacepède, 1803), Mormyrops anguilloides (Linnaeus, 1758) and Coptodon rendalli (Boulenger, 1897) fluently fished and sold in Kingabwa district (Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo). At first, the results of physico-chemical analysis of water of inspected sites (2) revealed that the values of pH and temperature are in the standards as recommended by WHO and FAO, while the conductivity as well as the dissolved total solids in inspected sites are very weak.. Yet, the two sites are polluted by heavy metals. Secondly, the dosage of heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrometry revealed that all tested fish are polluted. However, the Cadmium has not been detected in the muscles of three fish: Clarias gariepinus, Coptodon rendalli and Mormyrops anguloides. Meanwhile, Coptodon rendalli species didn't reveal any presence of Lead in its muscles. The results obtained show that the consumption of these fish can represent a health risk for the exposed populations notably fishers and their family who consume these fish at least once per day. Thus, by formulating the hypothesis that the fisher or his family is the more exposed and while increasing the quantity of fish for example from 0.025 kg/j to 0.5 kg/j, we can note that the coefficient of danger is superior to 1 for the cadmium and then the danger becomes apparent. It is therefore desirable that the Democratic Republic of the Congo authorities can develop a better policy for the management of the interior waters in order to avoid possible health problems linked to the pollutions of these waters.
Author Keywords: Bioaccumulation, Heavy metals, Fish, Kingabwa, Malebo Pool, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Volume 38, Issue 1, August 2018, Pages 185–191
Honoré Kongo Nzapo1, Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua2, Landry A. Bongema3, Gédéon N. Bongo4, Clément L. Inkoto5, Clarisse Falanga Mawi6, Masengo C. Ashande7, Jean-Louis Ndembo N’vale8, Emmanuel L. Lokilo9, and Ruphin D. Djoza10
1 Institut Supérieur des Sciences de Santé de la Croix Rouge, B.P. 12149 Kinshasa I, RD Congo
2 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, BP 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
3 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
4 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, BP 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
5 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
6 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
7 Scientific Committee for Research, Conservation and the Development of Biodiversity, Faculty of Science, University of Kinshasa, RD Congo
8 Département de l’Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Gbado-Lite, B.P. 111 Gbado-Lite, Province du Nord Ubangi, RD Congo
9 Faculté des Sciences, Université de Gbado-Lite, B.P 111 Gbado-Lite, RD Congo
10 Faculté de Médecine, Université de Gbado-Lite, BP 111 Gbado-Lite, Province du Nord-Ubangi, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2018 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The bioaccumulation of four heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd) in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Lacepède, 1803), Mormyrops anguilloides (Linnaeus, 1758) and Coptodon rendalli (Boulenger, 1897) fluently fished and sold in Kingabwa district (Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo). At first, the results of physico-chemical analysis of water of inspected sites (2) revealed that the values of pH and temperature are in the standards as recommended by WHO and FAO, while the conductivity as well as the dissolved total solids in inspected sites are very weak.. Yet, the two sites are polluted by heavy metals. Secondly, the dosage of heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrometry revealed that all tested fish are polluted. However, the Cadmium has not been detected in the muscles of three fish: Clarias gariepinus, Coptodon rendalli and Mormyrops anguloides. Meanwhile, Coptodon rendalli species didn't reveal any presence of Lead in its muscles. The results obtained show that the consumption of these fish can represent a health risk for the exposed populations notably fishers and their family who consume these fish at least once per day. Thus, by formulating the hypothesis that the fisher or his family is the more exposed and while increasing the quantity of fish for example from 0.025 kg/j to 0.5 kg/j, we can note that the coefficient of danger is superior to 1 for the cadmium and then the danger becomes apparent. It is therefore desirable that the Democratic Republic of the Congo authorities can develop a better policy for the management of the interior waters in order to avoid possible health problems linked to the pollutions of these waters.
Author Keywords: Bioaccumulation, Heavy metals, Fish, Kingabwa, Malebo Pool, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Abstract: (french)
La bioaccumulation de quatre métaux lourds (Zn, Pb, Cu et Cd) par les poissons Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Lacepède, 1803), Mormyrops anguilloides (Linnaeus, 1758) et Coptodon rendalli (Boulenger, 1897) couramment pêchés et vendus à Kingabwa (Kinshasa, République démocratique du Congo). Dans un premier temps, les résultats d’analyse physico-chimiques de l’eau des sites inspectés montre que le pH et la température sont compris dans les limites normales recommandées par l’OMS et la FAO, la conductivité de l’eau de deux sites est très faible. Par contre, les solides totaux dissouts sont également très faibles dans l’eau de deux sites. Cependant, les deux sites sont pollués par ces métaux lourds. Dans un deuxième temps, le dosage des métaux lourds par spectrométrie d’absorption atomique montre que tous les poissons testés sont pollués. Cependant le Cadmium n’a pas été retrouvé dans les muscles de trois poissons : Clarias gariepinus, Coptodon rendalli et Mormyrops anguloides. Par contre, seule l’espèce Coptodon rendalli n’a pas révélé la présence du Plomb dans ses muscles. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la consommation de ces poissons peut représenter un risque sanitaire pour les populations exposées notamment les pêcheurs et leur famille qui consomment ces poissons au moins une fois par jour. Ainsi, en formulant l’hypothèse que le pêcheur ou sa famille est la plus exposé et en augmentant la quantité de poisson par exemple de 0,025kg/j à 0,5 kg/j, on peut constater que le coefficient de danger est de loin supérieur à 1 pour le cadmium et le danger devient alors apparent. Il est donc souhaitable que les autorités de la République démocratique du Congo puissent mettre sur pied une meilleure politique pour la gestion des eaux intérieures afin d’éviter d’éventuelles problèmes de santé liées à la pollutions de ces eaux.
Author Keywords: Accumulation, métaux lourds, poissons, Kingabwa, Pool Malebo, République démocratique du Congo.
How to Cite this Article
Honoré Kongo Nzapo, Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua, Landry A. Bongema, Gédéon N. Bongo, Clément L. Inkoto, Clarisse Falanga Mawi, Masengo C. Ashande, Jean-Louis Ndembo N’vale, Emmanuel L. Lokilo, and Ruphin D. Djoza, “Bioaccumulation evaluation of Heavy metal in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Lacepède, 1803), Mormyrops anguilloides (Linnaeus, 1758) and Coptodon rendalli (Boulenger, 1897),” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 185–191, August 2018.
