The present study aims to evaluate the floristic richness of the Lwampango relict forest located in the Kaziba chiefdom in South Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo. The transect technic was used to collect data. The results reveal 90 plant species divided into 79 genera and 42 families. The most represented families are: Asteraceae (17.77%), Rubiaceae (7.77%), Acantaceae (5.49%), Fabaceae (4.39%). The analysis of the flora shows that herbaceous (53%), Phanerophytes (42.86%) and Afro-tropical species (51.11%) predominate. The studied ligneous fraction has an average dbh varying between 15.3 cm and 43.6 cm. The highest relative abundance is reported in Macaranga kilimandscharica (9.79%), this species also has the highest Importance Value Index (28.02%). The relative dominance is observed in Polycias fulva (11.09%). This study reveals a diversified flora that inspires to be extended to other forest formations and forest groups in South Kivu Province and its surroundings. The results of these studies will allow the elaboration of a better data base necessary for the management and sustainable conservation of forests and the ecosystem services they provide to the population.

This study aims to analyse the income gaps between households engaged in farming activities only and those combining farming and non-farming activities in the Kaziba chiefdom.A structured survey was conducted at the beginning of the second half of 2019. It focused on collecting data on the living conditions of households in Kaziba. Five clusters formed the basis of our survey including Kashozi, Butuzi, Muhumba, Chihumba and Lukube. Two tools were used. (i) the Gini index decomposition approach and (ii) the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty analysis approach (distribution, intensity) between households. The results of the Gini index decomposition show that non-agricultural activities reduce income inequality within households by 13.04%. In addition, the poverty analysis shows that households that engage in non-farm activities are less poor (73%) than those that engage in farming only (81%). The policy implication in terms of enabling resilience strategies would be to encourage non-farm activities in households that can increase their income and reduce poverty.

This paper seeks to determine the basic knowledge of medicinal plants that can be integrated in secondary schools within Bukavu city where this topic is developed as Social sharp questions. From semi-structured interviews, and open-ended questionnaires submitted to, 13 schools (with 668 pupils registered from classes 4 and 5) results showed that 80 medicinal plants are well known by pupils. There was highly personal interest and motivation for learning medicinal plants in schools programs. Valuable topics were suggested covering medicinal plants uses, the origins and nature of medicinal plants; cultural-based for medicinal plants conservation; economic values of medicinal plants; medicinal plants processing and conservation, cultivation of medicinal plants; plants identification; and developing clinics and plants sale enterprises in schools. Teaching medicinal plants may cover all curriculum programs in secondary schools.

This paper aims at developing a simple and adapted grid to evaluate school program in the Democratic Republic of Congo, with a statistical basics. The developed model is tailored on specific evaluation basics, as well as program structures, integration of the competence-based approach and internal coherence levels. The grid was tested on the program of biology senior 4. It allows the process of self–evaluation during apprenticeship whilst it focuses to adapt didactic triangulation diagram in teaching process. In future this grid may become valuable tool for school programs set-up, dealing with universality.