With the aim of using less expensive animal protein sources in fish feed, a growth study of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus was carried out following the incorporation of insect larvae meal into its feed. Three diets with incorporation rates of 15% (R15), 20% (R20) and 25% (R25) of Rhynchophorus phoenicis weevil larvae meal were prepared using a feed based on agricultural by-products as a control diet (AT). The basic composition of the diets was: soybean meal, cottonseed meal, rice bran, wheat bran, vegetable oil and premix. 480 fish with an average weight of 14 ± 0.1 mg were distributed in eight aquaria at a density of 60 larvae per aquarium in duplicate. They were fed to satiation for the first month, then at 10% of their total live weight for the second month. After 60 days of rearing, the best feed conversion (0.22 ± 0.03) and final weight (5.06 ± 0.85g) were obtained with the R20 diet, followed by the R15 diet (0.32 ± 0.11; 3.86 ± 1.5 g) and R25 (0.36 ± 0.07; 3.15 ± 0.69 g). The lowest daily growth (0.06 ± 0.01 g/day) and highest conversion index (0.41 ± 0.08) were recorded with the control. Survival rates were 91.86% or higher. At the end of this study, weevil larvae meal could be used as a protein source for tilapia feed.

Ageratum conyzoides is a plant used as an insect repellent against Vigna unguiculata (L.) bruchids. This plant is also in traditional Nigerien medicine. The chemical composition of essential oil of Ageratum conyzoides from Niger has been analysed by CG/MS. Forty-four components were identified. Among the identified components, 6-demethoxyageratochromene (precocene I) 64.71% and β-caryophyllene 14.49% were the most abundant.

Imaginations are essentially made up of shared representations and fed in some way by material images or immaterial that are worked by the imagination. these two bases play an eminently important role in structuring the imagination of the coastal landscape in a contemporary societal context where the primacy of the image prevails. undoubtedly, the discovery of emblematic places was once limited to artists, travelers or writers who reveal the landscape assets of different places of the world. currently, other propagandist occupants have taken over: journalists, columnists as well as social networks that play a key role in promoting of the places. over time, the perception of the coastal landscape is charged with a certain number of affective, material and imaginary values that allows and deviates from reading it. to question this relation to a specific landscape of the sea, an exploratory and qualitative research was conducted on the coastal fringe of the sahel of bizerte through a corpus of images, broadcast speeches and land sales ads published on the internet, crossed with a series of surveys conducted among 15 secondary residents. the first results show that the sea landscape influences the market value of land and real estate and helped to redraw a new configuration of the coast of the sahel of bizerte. our study area is an imaginary place, which, besides its own geographical existence, is a focus of desire and expectations of an idyllic shoreline image.

Medium and large-sized mammals worldwide are facing a critical survival challenge due to human activities. In Mont Sangbé National Park (MSNP) in western Côte d’Ivoire, medium and large-sized mammals are frequently sighted in the natural salt licks of the savanna zone, yet there is limited knowledge regarding this fauna. This study seeks to assess the diversity of mammals in the park’s natural salt licks and evaluate potential threats posed by human activities. We employed camera trapping and reconnaissance walks at these natural salt licks to collect data. During reconnaissance walks, 58 signs of medium and large mammals were observed, including feces, footprints, feeding remnants et burrows. A total of 19 species of medium and large-sized mammals, distributed across six (06) orders and 11 families, were identified. Among these species, six (06) were directly observed during reconnaissance walks, and 16 were observed with camera traps. Fifteen of the observed species are classified as least concerned, one is near threatened and three are vulnerable according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Furthermore, we documented evidence of human activities near the salt licks, underscoring significant anthropogenic threats to these species. Comprehensive research covering all MSNP natural salt licks and accounting for seasonal variations is essential for gaining a deeper understanding of the ecology of mammals frequenting these areas and ensuring their preservation.

The promotion of agroecological approaches to fertilization include the use of liquid biofertilizers, which contribute to improving the income of producers but also to sustainably preserving the soil. It is with this in mind that this study specifically aimed to compare the effects of liquid biofertilization and chemical fertilization on vegetative growth and pepper production, with a view to establishing practical guidelines for market gardeners in Kinshasa/Mont-Amba. To achieve these objectives, a Randomized Complete Block device was installed with three treatments, namely the liquid biofertilizer Rapid Gro, the chemical fertilizer NPK 12-24-12 and the control without fertilizer in order to collect the data to be used for statistical analyzes to infer the necessary trends. At the end of the data analyses, the results showed that from the point of vegetative growth, the fertilizers used induced significant effects on shoot growth. The height obtained with the treated plants was greatly significant compared to that obtained with the untreated plants (except Rapid Gro). No statistical difference was obtained from the point of view of plant vigor. From a production point of view, the fertilizers used had significant effects on the yield components. Plots treated with Rapid Gro liquid biofertilizer showed significantly high production compared to plots treated with NPK 12-24-12 chemical fertilizers and those not treated in terms of average number of fruits per plot and average weight of fruits per plot.

Introduction: The main vector control tool in most malaria-endemic countries is insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs). In the DRC, the rapid loss of coverage in the months following mass campaigns as a result of reduced durability and quality of LLINs within a year, has led to a strategy of distributing LLINs through schools to maintain coverage. This study aims to evaluate the results of the campaign’s implementation in the 4 provinces that have organized school-based distribution of LLINs. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 104 EPST sub-divisions in 4 DRC provinces (Equateur, Kongo Central, Lomami and Maindombe) that organized school-based distribution of LLINs between November 2021 and June 2022. The sample was exhaustive of all pupils in primary grades one to six, then of schools, COPAs and administrative staff. SPSS Statistics 22 software was used for bivariate variables and P-value calculation with a significance level below 0.05, Excel 2019 for univariate variables. Results: The average duration of the process was 6 months ± 3 months in the 4 provinces. Only Equateur province served 100% of LLINs. Male students were served more than female students, and the proportion of LLINs served to students decreased from first to sixth grade in all 4 provinces. There was no significant difference between the statistical data and the student reports. In addition, a significant difference was noted for schools and students between the state and distribution data. Discussion: A baseline survey is not a prerequisite for the distribution of LLINs in schools, as the statistical data and the baseline survey were almost identical. Hence the statistical data remain valid for planning and also for implementation. Conclusion: We suggest eliminating the inventory stage to reduce the average duration of the school-based LLIN distribution process to less than 3 months.

The study area is located in the southeastern part of the Comoé basin (southeast of Côte d’Ivoire, north of the town of Alépé). The geology of this study area is marked by granitoids (two-mica bearing granites, granodiorites, microgranites and pegmatites) and metamorphic rocks (gneiss, micaschists, metawackes and schists) which are crossed by several quartz veins. The aim of this study is to identify the petro-structural and metallogenic features of the quartz veins in this part of the Ivorian birimian. The methodology used focused on geological surveys, petrographic descriptions (macroscopic and microscopic), structural analysis and metallogenic analyzed. The petro-structural study revealed the presence of saccharoid quartz veins, tourmaline bearing quartz veins, banded tourmaline quartz veins, biotite bearing quartz vein, translucent quartz veins, smoky quartz veins, white to milky white quartz vein. The morphology of the veins is variable: rectilinear or fusiform with a main NE-SW orientation and secondary orientations NNW-SSE and E-W. In addition, these veins are generally deformed in the form of folds, tension slots, sigmoidal figures. These structures demonstrate the existence of shear corridors. The presence of rolling extinction and quartz subgrains were highlighted by microscopic observations, confirming the dislocation creep mechanism. This mechanism indicates high temperature and differential stress conditions. Observations with metallographic microscopes coupled with geochemical analysis data show that sulphides and gold are present in the fracture planes and quartz subgrains and generally associated with the quartz-tourmaline veins. Hence, the interest in taking into account the quartz-tourmaline association in gold prospecting in the Birimian rocks.

This study aims at identifying the attitudes of physics and chemistry teachers in the middle secondary school in the Ouarzazate Directorate - the Kingdom of Morocco - towards employing the inquiry approach in teaching educational-learning activities. For this purpose, a questionnaire of 31 statements was designed to determine the nature of trends and the degree of difficulties from the point of view of teachers. After confirming its validity and reliability, the indicators were applied to a sample of 32 randomly selected teachers, distributed among ten middle secondary schools. To answer the study questions and examine the hypotheses, we statistically processed the data using SPSS, to extract frequencies, arithmetic means, and standard deviations. The adopted tests are the following: t-test; One-way analysis of variance test; and the chi-square test. The results of the study indicated that teachers of physics and chemistry in secondary middle school have positive tendencies. The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences in their tendencies towards employing the inquiry approach in the teaching-learning activities regarding the variable of gender, university degree, the professional certificate, or the years of teaching experience.

The use of fibers has proven to be an effective solution for correcting certain building pathologies. This is particularly true for plant fibers such as coconut fibers. Their use contributes to the improvement of mechanical performance. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of the length of coconut fibers on the physical and mechanical properties of micro-concrete used for correction. This mortar was prepared with grade 1/5 gravel and 0/1 sand. The fiber lengths are 20 or 40 mm. From the experiments, it is evident that the presence of coconut fibers in the mortar reduces compressive strength, delays setting, and makes it firmer. Regarding fiber length, it varies inversely with the aforementioned delay and workability. However, the increase in length corresponds to an increase in porosity and compressive strength.

The choice made on this subject is explained by the mismanagement of solid waste in the city of Kinshasa which constitutes a major problem for the latter. This is how we assessed the knowledge of the population of the Mbuku district in the Municipality of Kisenso on the management of solid household waste, with a view to trying to set up an integrated management system for this waste through the recovery or recycling. This led us to organize a separate collection of solid waste in 21 households in this neighborhood. The solid waste thus collected was categorized into organic and non-organic waste, then weighed separately according to the fractions. The organic waste was recycled into compost and the non-organic waste sent to the various respective recovery sectors. In this district, as the average household size is 17 people, waste production is estimated at 0.3 kg/person per day. The results of the physicochemical analyzes of the compost produced comply with standards and literature for mature, good quality compost. The compost produced played a big role in the fertility of the soil for growing amaranths which we used as a test. To remedy this situation, a diagram summarizing the systems to be implemented for integrated and sustainable management of solid household waste in the district was proposed as a project.

The objective of this work was to valorize the waste rock from the Bakwanga Colline Zone 4 mining site of the MIBA with pockets and layers of gravel containing more than 10 carats of diamonds per cubic meter, but abandoned because of the large volume of waste rock to excavate and move. To recover this waste rock, it is important to identify them and classify them in a category of construction materials. Soil identification and classification work based on the USCS, AASHTO, LCPC systems and many other classification standards (XPP 94-011) incates that these are SP sands or poorly graded sands or still group A-3 sands, non-plastic, non-organic, non-marly and compact. These soil classification systems indicate that the soils studied are among the soil classes with the best behavior as road infrastructure materials. They are also used in civil engineering works such as compacted earth dams in the shoulders and in the foundations. Studies made on the same types of soils in certain corners of the city of Mbuji-Mayi indicate that these soils can also be used for the manufacture of baked bricks or stabilized bricks.