A survey was conducted by administering a questionnaire to identify common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) conservation methods used by farmers in the Hauts-Plateaux division, west region of Cameroon. To reduce post-harvest losses of common bean (P. vulgaris) in the study area, a six-month study was carried out on red and black beans. Vegetable powder of tobacco leaves (Nicotiana tabacum) was produced and tested against the bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus). Tobacco leaves were dried to 13.5% moisture content, crushed and sieved to obtain a powder at pH 5.63. This powder and two other synthetic insecticidal powders (Antouka and Protect DP) based on permethrin were incorporated at a dose of 1 g kg-1 in batches of beans. The coated seeds were placed in 125 mL polyethylene boxes containing 100 seeds each, then stored for 6 months in a room at a temperature between 15 and 27 °C. The experimental set-up applied for each variety was a complete randomized design comprising four treatments and four replicates (Control without any treatment, Tobacco, Protect DP, Antouka). Data on perforated seeds, weevil emergence and mortality were observed throughout the experiment. Results showed that 41% of farmers use synthetic insecticides, 36% do not use any substance, 14% wood ash, 9% fir leaves. This study showed that tobacco powder significantly reduced the puncture of beans by weevils, indicating the importance of alternatives means for pest management. It also emerged from this study that the black bean is more resistant to weevils than the red one.

In the face of soil degradation and current climatic variability, new adaptation practices such as the use of organic residues as biofertilisers are needed. Thus, two composts based on water hyacinths and pollen hulls, enriched with layer droppings for the first and ox dung for the second, were produced for 6 months. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of the composts on the growth and mass of tomato fruits. Their effects on fruit growth and mass were evaluated in a three-block randomised Fisher design. Composting was monitored by determining temperature, pH and moisture content. During composting, compost 1 had a maximum temperature of 52°C and compost 2 had a maximum temperature of 45°C. At the end of the composting process, the C/N ratios of compost 1 and 2 were 10.73 and 12.18 respectively, with pH values of 6.94 and 7.23. The N, P, K contents of compost 1 were 32.47, 20.1 and 25.2 g/kg/MS respectively, higher than those of compost 2, with 14.6, 3.72 and 13.14 g/kg/MS respectively. Also, the plants in the compost 1 treatments had better growth and produced fruits with a higher unit mass (52.39 g). Thus, the compost based on water hyacinths and pollen shells, enriched with layer droppings, could be used as an alternative to mineral fertilisers.

Background: Tuberculosis is still rampant in endemic mode in our country. Several locations are possible. The osteoarticular form is rare but very serious. The prognosis depends on the speed of the diagnosis and the effectiveness of the treatment. Method: We report a case of spondylodiscitis and abscess of the psoas muscles of tuberculous origin diagnosed at the bacteriology laboratory Ibn Sina Hospital in Rabat by bacteriological tests and confirmed by imaging. Results: The evolution was favorable after anti-tuberculosis treatment according to the National Protocol for Tuberculosis Control. But the presence of very large lytic lesions made the practice of effort spots almost impossible given the risk of vertebral fracture which remains imminent. The osteoarticular location of tuberculosis is rare but very serious given its destructive power on the bone. The prognosis remains even worse when it comes to a vertebral location which can bring into play a functional or even vital prognosis in certain cases. Conclusion: In our context where tuberculosis is still endemic, it is unforgivable to miss the diagnosis which must be raised whenever the context is suspect. Do not hesitate to deplore all biological and radiological means in order to have an accurate diagnosis and be able to treat effectively, to avoid any complications.

The regolith mapping of the SML concession of the Nigerien Liptako of West Africa has been established by using LANSAT 8 images and topographic position index (TPI). Regolith units were extracted from band reports. The 5/7 ratio has been used to distinguish clay minerals, the 3/1 ratio has been used to determine iron oxide materials and that 4/2 to distinguish ferruginous materials. The colore composition of the band 572 by assigning respectively RGB permitted for unsupervised classification because this assignment showed moderately the regolith units. Discrimination of landforms has been realizedand performed by IPT. The superposition of the regolith map and that of the relief and the control work in the field made it possible to validate the final regolith units map. This method made possible to classify the regolith units into four groups: alluvial sediments (Da), sedimentary rocks of the “terminal continental” horizontally covering Birimian rocks (Dc), altered and “saprolitized” Birimian rocks sometimes covered by sand, soil or outcrop by the underlying fresh rock (Es) and a layer of sand from the disintegration of rocks of the “terminal continental” and horizontally covering the Birimian rocks (Rs). The study showed that approximately 70% of the study area is ideal and more than 30% has a negative impact on geochemical exploration for gold and therefore requires specialized sampling techniques. This shows that the method used is effective in mapping regolith units in the Nigerien Liptako and also in similar areas.

The city of Kinshasa is a megalopolis of more than 12 million inhabitants that has not adapted to the population explosion of the last 30 years. One of the serious consequences is the absence of binding urban planning standards in terms of construction and land use, with the result that many households are settling under the Very High Voltage (VHV) power lines that supply the city, in defiance of the 25m corridor recommended by the Electricity National Company (S.N.EL). Research undertaken since 2015 has established on the one hand a 100 m right-of-way on both sides of the line and revealed on the other hand that more cases of epilepsy, cancers, rheumatism and impaired eyesight are found in households living closest to these lines compared to national statistics, mainly in places where the magnetic fields are higher than 0.400 μT.