This work consists in evaluating the effectiveness of the primary schools of Kisangani, appreciate the equality of the assets of the pupils of sixth primary year and to highlight some individual and family variables of the pupils and the characteristics of the schools, to identify those which would make it possible to make a good prediction of performances of 6th form pupils in primary school in mathematics. With this intention, we proceeded to an investigation near 372 pupils of sixth primary year, resulting from 15 primary schools of Catholic, Official and Privar conduct of the school year 2009-2010, which pupils were drawn in a random way. We used descriptive method for realize this work. With the exit of this study, the results show that these pupils differ with regard to their degree from control from the objectives from training from mathematics; the pupils of the schools concerned are neither effective, nor equitable yet, only the variable related to the process of teaching allowed to predict performances of the pupils in mathematics. Consequently, it is necessary to take care that the teachers really exempt in this branch, in other words, an effort must be provided for the adequate training as of these teachers.