A sample of 57 diagnosed children and treaty for case of typhoid fever at the Général hospital of reference of Basoko had been the subject of our investigations. After the analyses, it was revealed that the typhoid fever is observed more during January, Mars and October with Basoko over the twelve months of the year. The children whose age bracket varies from 3 to 5 years are reached than the others. Paludism and helminthiasis are the pathologies most associated the typhoid fever. Hyperthermia, the abdominal pain, gargouillement, the cephalgia, the stiffness of the nape of the neck and the physical asthenia are the clinical signs most characteristic of the typhoid fever. The current treatment of the typhoid fever rests on antibiotics with strong intracellular penetration, especially intra-macrophagic. With this intention, the synergy of cephalosporine of 3rd generation with the phénicole one, associated Dexaméthasone into intravenous slow during 10 minimum days constitute a treatment of success, with a reduction of mortality of 10% against that of 50% without Dexaméthasone. The factors of risks the most accused in the contamination of the typhoid fever in the children are insufficient hygiene and the consumption of the fruits without washed. The diagnostistic difficulties are due to the lack of the equipment of biological diagnosis specific, to the limits of the clinical signs in the zones of endémie and the bad interpretation of the sérodiagnostic of Widal Felix.