This research established the socioeconomic profile of mendicants and analyzed the socio-economic, cultural and political causes of female begging in the town of Zinder. A documentary work and a field survey allowed the collection of qualitative and quantitative data. The survey used a questionnaire administered to 100 beggars and a maintenance guide that involved 10 imams of the large Zinder mosques. The statistical data thus obtained were used to produce tables and figures for the illustrations. Fieldwork also resorted to direct observation, which helped to identify districts housing beggars and places of begging mapped using geographic coordinates. The results of the study show that poverty, disability, the resignation of husbands, social and political tolerance, lack of solidarity of the State etc. Are all reasons leading women to begging. To these causes is added the search for easy gain benefiting from a socioreligious context favorable to the practice of almsgiving. Hence the tendency towards the professionalization of begging, which is banned by Islam and prohibited by the Nigerian penal code.