Effect of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on the surface characteristics and adhesion properties of nylon-rubber composite was investigated. Plasma surface modifications with helium and oxygen were performed on the nylon-6,6 fabrics to improve the surface roughness and adhesion bonding. Surface morphology of plasma treated and untreated fibers were examined through scanning electron microscopy, and the change in the surface roughness properties were measured by KES-FB4 surface tester. The FTIR analysis confirmed the change in surface groups of nylon-6,6, the conversion of amide groups into amine groups. Plasma treated fabrics were then subjected to Resorcinol Formaldehyde Latex (RFL) treatment, followed by a rubber moulding. Micro-roughening of nylon-6,6 fibre with an optimum surface roughness (SMD) of 18.4 μm was obtained for 30s plasma treated. In line with surface roughness, peel strength also increased up to plasma treatment time of 30s and then it decreased, however, all the plasma treated fabrics showed higher peel strength than the control fabric. DSC result further revealed that the plasma treatments do not affect bulk properties.