The township of Djidja did not remain in margin of the systematic use of non negligible quantities of pesticides that causes numerous illnesses to the producers. The objective of this research is to study the sanitary risks incurred by the producers of cotton in the township of Djidja following the use of the pesticides. Of the questionnaires, the observations and the GPS surveys are used for the collection of the data. The investigations concerned the set of the 323 producers constituting the sample. They are achieved in each of the retained villages. The pesticides used by the producers distribute themselves in two (2) classes of toxicity. Among the producers of the township of Djidja, the symptoms due to the pesticides are numerous and varied. One notes that the cutaneous irritation represents 73.68% of the symptoms. The headaches are felt by 66.56% of the producers. The nausea is returned by 60.99% of the producers. Fatigue is the symptom the more returned (97.52%). The loss of appetite (42.11%), the respiratory difficulties (47.06%) and the diarrhea (31.89%) are also uneasiness felt by the producers after the applications of pesticides. In case of poisoning to the pesticides, the producers of the township of Djidja use different possibilities of care. It is important to reduce the used quantities and the possibilities of exhibition to the pesticides in the township.