The purpose of this study is to evaluate the suitability of renewable Egyptian biomass for full-scale manufacturing process to produce particleboards of requested quality. The tested raw materials are based on Sesbania aegyptiaca plant (Sesbania Sesban), Banana pseudo-stem and grain Sorghum stalks. For evaluating these raw materials, the chemical properties of the selected materials and sugarcane bagasse (the conventional raw material in Egypt) were compared including holocellulose, Alfa-cellulose, lignin , ash contents, alcohol-benzene extractives, hot water extractives and solubility in dilute alkali (1% NaOH). In addition, the physical properties were determined including fiber length, diameter and cell wall thickness, scanning with SEM, estimate of α-cellulose degree of polymerization (DP) and pH of lignocellulosic materials.
Three layers particleboards were made from the selected materials and sugarcane bagasse using urea formaldehyde (UF) as a binder. The physical and mechanical properties of the manufactured panels such as density, thickness swelling (TS), modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and internal bond (IB) were measured and compared with those panels which were manufactured from sugarcane bagasse.
Both of physical and mechanical properties of panels which are manufactured from Sesbania Sesban and grain Sorghum stalks are closed to those from sugarcane bagasse and all of produced panels met the requirement of European standard (EN 314-2010): the Load bearing boards for use in dry conditions type (P4), but panels which are manufactured from Banana pseudo-stem do not meet the requirement of European standard.

Malononitrile is a commonly known and widely used reagent in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, fungicides, solvato-chromic dyes, and organic semiconductors. The unique reactivity of malononitrile promotes more extensive applications of this reagent in organic chemistry even compared to the use of other known CH-acids such as malonic and cyanoacetic esters.

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of Egyptian biomass based on Date palm fronds, (Phoenix dactylifera L) for full-scale manufacturing to produce particleboard of requested quality. For the evaluation, Date palm rachises (DPR) and sugarcane bagasse (SCB) were compared for some of the chemical properties, such as holocellulose, Alfa-cellulose, lignin and ash contents, alcohol–benzene extractives, solubility in dilute alkali (1%NaOH), and hot water solubility. In addition, DPR fiber physical properties such as fiber length diameters, cell wall thickness, scanning with SEM, estimate of ?-cellulose degree of polymerization (DP) and pH of DPR fibers were determined.
Particleboards were made from DPR and SCB as surface and core layer were prepared and mixed with different percentages of urea-formaldehyde (UF) as a binder. The mechanical properties of produced boards such as density, thickness swelling (TS), bending strength (BS), modulus elasticity (MOE), and internal bond (IB) were measured.
Chemical composition of DPR is slight better than SCB. Moreover, the values of DPR fiber lengths, diameters and cell wall thickness are also in the range of hardwoods values. The results indicated that all the panels met the requirements for Load-bearing boards for use in dry conditions type (P4) of European standard (EN 314: 2010).