This article explores the agroecological assets and environmental challenges of the Bongor Plain, located in southwestern Chad. It highlights the region’s strong agricultural potential, supported by fertile soils, accessible water resources (rivers, ponds, and shallow groundwater), and a diversity of crops such as millet, rice, groundnut, and vegetables. However, these advantages are threatened by significant constraints, including deforestation, land pressure, resource-use conflicts, recurrent flooding, climate variability, and soil degradation. The study emphasizes the urgent need for an integrated and sustainable management of the area to ensure food security, social cohesion, and climate resilience for the local populations.