The aim of this study was to understand the influence of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the city of Conakry. To this end, based on a qualitative approach, by interviewing 10 entrepreneurs, 4 incubators and 1 accelerator, we examined the role of actors in the formation of a dynamic and evolving entrepreneurial ecosystem. The results revealed ineffective institutions, lack of laws in case of contractual disputes, politically oriented leaders, difficult access to financing, lack of entrepreneurial skills, absence of entrepreneurial themes in the school curriculum, insufficient infrastructure, unfavorable market conditions and the development of entrepreneurship in public higher education institutions.