The short- and long-term properties of palm kernel shell (PKS) and maize cob, biomass waste, and crops with energy potential for use as fuel pellets in industrial and residential settings, are examined in this study. A thermogravimetric investigation was conducted to determine the distinctive thermal behavior of the biomass above plants in an air and inert environment at room temperature to 700°C for the heating rate of 10°C min-1. It was discovered that the weight loss trends in the two biomass samples were identical in trend. Three reaction zones—char degradation, dehydration, and breakdown—that generated volatility were seen when the samples were being tested in a nitrogen atmosphere. Dehydration, devolatilization, and char burning occurred in three reaction zones in an air environment. The proximate study revealed that PKS has 9.7% more volatile matter than maize cob whereas biomass has a 0.7% difference in carbon combustion value (15.1% for maize cob and 14.4% for PKS). The final study revealed that PKS had a greater heat value per kilogram than maize cob, which has heat of 16.4 MJ/kg and contains 47.6% carbon, 5.3% hydrogen, 44.3% oxygen, and 6.2% water. The findings of theoretical and experimental techniques showed that palm kernel shell has the highest calorific value, making it the best for biomass energy generation and fuel pellets for both residential and industrial use to power machinery and create income for investors.