The extent of the scientific literature on sickle cell disease in Gabon over the last thirty years and the areas of study are not known. However, the exponential growth trend shows that there is an area of research that should be explored. The question here is to find out in which fields studies on sickle cell disease have already been carried out since 1990, 33 years of research. Because the environment can influence clinical signs in different patients, every African country is carrying out scientific research to improve the care of their patients. This review examines the history of research into sickle Cell Disease in Gabon. In Gabon, research into sickle cell disease is being carried out in all areas of epidemiology, screening, medical and psycho-clinical management, and pathologies associated with sickle cell disease and endangering the vital prognosis of Gabonese sickle cell patients. Traditional Gabonese pharmacopoeia plays a very important role in the management of this disease. Ultimately, local healthcare professionals should be familiar with the latest guidelines and resources specific to Gabon for the most accurate and up-to-date information on sickle cell disease management.