The Noumoubougou landfill is located 30 kilometers northeast of Bamako on the Koulikoro road. Its construction has given rise to a great deal of concern, disagreement and even reluctance on the part of the local population. This issue led us to analyze the application of health and safety measures in and around the site. The study covers the period from 2020 to 2022. The methodology focuses on observing the landfill, taking groundwater samples in and around the landfill, and interviewing landfill supervisors. Observations showed that the landfill does not meet the criteria of a compacted controlled landfill, as waste is not covered on a daily basis and is a source of pollution and nuisance. Biomedical and toxicological analyses have confirmed that the groundwater is not polluted by the leachate produced by the landfill. Lack of awareness on the part of users, site supervisors and the local population, lack of compliance by the authorities and insufficient financial resources to ensure the management, operation and monitoring of such a facility are determining factors in the inadequate application of health and safety measures.