Since practically the 2000s, Morocco has continued to consolidate its National Innovation System (INS), in order to create an environment conducive to innovation. The Moroccan government has put in place a number of plans and devices, aimed at giving new impetus to innovation and catching up with the delay recorded in this area, compared to developed countries, but above all, compared to emerging and competing countries. Also, he initiated several legal and institutional reforms, which led to the emergence of a set of institutional actors, constituting the backbone of the Moroccan INS, such as political support bodies, the system of research, networking structures, support infrastructures, all at the service of innovative companies. The analysis of the path of consolidation of the Moroccan INS teaches us the existence of several obstacles, of a structural nature, likely to prevent its maturation and, consequently, its role in the dynamics of learning.