Loxoscelism is a medical condition due to bites and envinemation by recluse spiders of the genus Loxosceles that may be the cause of polymorphus skin or visceral manifestations up to shock, coma, and death. General practitioners know very little about this condition, which is why it is important to highlight it in order to plan appropriate treatment and prevent complications.
Case report: This report is related to a 2-year-old infant female who is admitted to the emergency room with a large, red, and painful lower limb against a backdrop of fever due to the bite of a spider 48 hours before.
Conclusion: Cutaneous oxoscelism is a poorly diagnosed condition. As identification of the spider is not always possible, the diagnosis must then be made on the basis of epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence after eliminating other causes in order to prescribe appropriate treatment.