The objective of this study is to test the approach of heterodox economists that household food insecurity reduces agricultural productivity. It covers 240 agricultural households in the communes of Kérou and Boukombé, chosen by the quota method, where at least eight (08) agricultural households out of ten (10) suffering from food insecurity. The theoretical basis of this study is focused on the causal relationships between agricultural productivity and food security. Heterodox economists postulate the hypothesis that food insecurity reduces the agricultural productivity of the household by the reduction of the productive capacity of the household. The estimation methods are done using ordinary least squares and the fractional regression model. The results showed that apart from the determinants of agricultural productivity, the food insecure household decreases by 0.0977 the level of agricultural productivity reached by the household at the critical threshold of 1%. The policy of increasing agricultural productivity becomes effective when the household is food secure. The transfer of zero hunger policy in 2030 should contextualize by identifying the causes and factors of its realization in Benin. The orthodox approach to food security would be analyzed in another paper.