This article presents a study on the demographic and socio-economic profile of sub-Saharan migrants in an irregular situation in the Laayoune City. We then analyze the reasons and reasons for migration. A questionnaire was prepared for this study and randomly distributed to sub-Saharan immigrants. The data obtained is analyzed by means of a software program: (Sphinx Lexica 2000). The study showed that the average age of the studied population is 29 years of which 20% are women, the majority of sub-Saharan migrants in Laayoune are of Senegalese origin followed by Malians, this young population decided to stop their studies by working to finance their migration project, at the interpersonal level. As concerns the socio-professional category, the study showed that 62.42% are workers and 35, 71% are unemployed. Finally, the possibility of finding work more easily in the country of final destination and poverty remain two factors that encourage immigrants to leave their origin countries.
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