The objective of this article is to understand the current situation of artisanal fishing in the Moroccan Mediterranean (Belyounch, Fnideq, Martil and Kaa asras), and the components that characterize it (techniques, target species, boats, seamen, etc.). by analyzing the data collected from a survey conducted in these sites. The study is carried out through surveys between April 2014 and June 2014. The artisanal fishing sector in the selected sites could be characterized by different components. Thus, we can note the following characteristics: Presence of about 308 active boats; and direct employment offers to almost 1160 fishermen. Twelve gears are used in all sites. They are divided into three major groups: traps, nets and hook-and-line gear, in addition to dragging. The fishermen practice 12 techniques, with 2 to 3 methods per boat. The fish species most caught by fishermen are: (besugue, bug, sea bream, dorado); cephalopods (octopus, squid, cuttlefish); clupeidae (Sardine, Allache); carangidae (horse mackerel) and the smooth clam.