Volume 73, Issue 2, July 2024, Pages 119–126
Olarewaju T. Oginni1, Joseph Friday Kayode2, Mayowa A. Ogidi3, and Oluwasina L. Rominiy4
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science and Technology, Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
2 Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
3 Department of Civil Engineering, Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science and Technology, Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
4 Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Original language: English
Copyright © 2024 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The short- and long-term properties of palm kernel shell (PKS) and maize cob, biomass waste, and crops with energy potential for use as fuel pellets in industrial and residential settings, are examined in this study. A thermogravimetric investigation was conducted to determine the distinctive thermal behavior of the biomass above plants in an air and inert environment at room temperature to 700°C for the heating rate of 10°C min-1. It was discovered that the weight loss trends in the two biomass samples were identical in trend. Three reaction zones—char degradation, dehydration, and breakdown—that generated volatility were seen when the samples were being tested in a nitrogen atmosphere. Dehydration, devolatilization, and char burning occurred in three reaction zones in an air environment. The proximate study revealed that PKS has 9.7% more volatile matter than maize cob whereas biomass has a 0.7% difference in carbon combustion value (15.1% for maize cob and 14.4% for PKS). The final study revealed that PKS had a greater heat value per kilogram than maize cob, which has heat of 16.4 MJ/kg and contains 47.6% carbon, 5.3% hydrogen, 44.3% oxygen, and 6.2% water. The findings of theoretical and experimental techniques showed that palm kernel shell has the highest calorific value, making it the best for biomass energy generation and fuel pellets for both residential and industrial use to power machinery and create income for investors.
Author Keywords: Fuel, Energy, Crops, Thermal Behaviour, Inert and Air Environments.
Olarewaju T. Oginni1, Joseph Friday Kayode2, Mayowa A. Ogidi3, and Oluwasina L. Rominiy4
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science and Technology, Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
2 Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
3 Department of Civil Engineering, Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science and Technology, Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
4 Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Original language: English
Copyright © 2024 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The short- and long-term properties of palm kernel shell (PKS) and maize cob, biomass waste, and crops with energy potential for use as fuel pellets in industrial and residential settings, are examined in this study. A thermogravimetric investigation was conducted to determine the distinctive thermal behavior of the biomass above plants in an air and inert environment at room temperature to 700°C for the heating rate of 10°C min-1. It was discovered that the weight loss trends in the two biomass samples were identical in trend. Three reaction zones—char degradation, dehydration, and breakdown—that generated volatility were seen when the samples were being tested in a nitrogen atmosphere. Dehydration, devolatilization, and char burning occurred in three reaction zones in an air environment. The proximate study revealed that PKS has 9.7% more volatile matter than maize cob whereas biomass has a 0.7% difference in carbon combustion value (15.1% for maize cob and 14.4% for PKS). The final study revealed that PKS had a greater heat value per kilogram than maize cob, which has heat of 16.4 MJ/kg and contains 47.6% carbon, 5.3% hydrogen, 44.3% oxygen, and 6.2% water. The findings of theoretical and experimental techniques showed that palm kernel shell has the highest calorific value, making it the best for biomass energy generation and fuel pellets for both residential and industrial use to power machinery and create income for investors.
Author Keywords: Fuel, Energy, Crops, Thermal Behaviour, Inert and Air Environments.
How to Cite this Article
Olarewaju T. Oginni, Joseph Friday Kayode, Mayowa A. Ogidi, and Oluwasina L. Rominiy, “CHARACTERIZATION OF WASTE (PALM KERNEL SHELL AND MAIZE COB) FOR FUEL ENERGY GENERATION,” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 73, no. 2, pp. 119–126, July 2024.
