[ Efficacité comparée de l’huile de Coco (Cocos nucifera) et DEET contre les piqures des simulies (Simulium squamosum, Diptera : Simuliidae) dans un foyer endémique en République Démocratique du Congo ]
Volume 33, Issue 1, October 2017, Pages 155–161
Luboya Kambama1, Palata Kabudi2, Kimbuende Mundele3, Mansiangi Mankadi4, and Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua5
1 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
2 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
3 Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, RD Congo
4 Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales, Kinshasa, RD Congo
5 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, BP 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2017 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Onchocerciasis affects 20 to 30 million people worldwide, 95% of them in live Africa. An estimated one million blind people are affected by onchocerciasis. It is transmitted by the bite of females of the genus Simulium, of which more than 1300 species have been described in the world. The 15 health areas of the Kinshasa city under ivermectin, do not cover all the meeting points between blackfly and man in the simulidian foci of Kinshasa. The best way to protect against exophilic vectors (exophagous), which in addition have a biology little known like all the species of black flies known until then, is the use of the repellents of which the most used currently is the DEET. But these products are not very accessible to the African populations (due to cost and availability). It was then necessary to propose a solution adapted to our societies. Thus, the repelling efficiency of Cocos nucifera oil was tested against DEET against Simulium squamosum. Selected technicians were treated by anointing their legs and forearms, each with a particular repellent and placed on the ground to capture the black flies according to the traditional method of catching on human bait. Blackflies captured by repellent treatments were counted and their numbers compared using statistical tests. Statistical analysis of the number of blackflies caught by treatment revealed no significant differences between DEET and Cocos nucifera. In dermal application, the oil of Coconut has real repulsive properties against Simulium squamosum compared to DEET.
Author Keywords: Simulium, DEET, repellent, onchocerciasis, exophagous, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Volume 33, Issue 1, October 2017, Pages 155–161
Luboya Kambama1, Palata Kabudi2, Kimbuende Mundele3, Mansiangi Mankadi4, and Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua5
1 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
2 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
3 Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, RD Congo
4 Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales, Kinshasa, RD Congo
5 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, BP 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2017 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Onchocerciasis affects 20 to 30 million people worldwide, 95% of them in live Africa. An estimated one million blind people are affected by onchocerciasis. It is transmitted by the bite of females of the genus Simulium, of which more than 1300 species have been described in the world. The 15 health areas of the Kinshasa city under ivermectin, do not cover all the meeting points between blackfly and man in the simulidian foci of Kinshasa. The best way to protect against exophilic vectors (exophagous), which in addition have a biology little known like all the species of black flies known until then, is the use of the repellents of which the most used currently is the DEET. But these products are not very accessible to the African populations (due to cost and availability). It was then necessary to propose a solution adapted to our societies. Thus, the repelling efficiency of Cocos nucifera oil was tested against DEET against Simulium squamosum. Selected technicians were treated by anointing their legs and forearms, each with a particular repellent and placed on the ground to capture the black flies according to the traditional method of catching on human bait. Blackflies captured by repellent treatments were counted and their numbers compared using statistical tests. Statistical analysis of the number of blackflies caught by treatment revealed no significant differences between DEET and Cocos nucifera. In dermal application, the oil of Coconut has real repulsive properties against Simulium squamosum compared to DEET.
Author Keywords: Simulium, DEET, repellent, onchocerciasis, exophagous, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Abstract: (french)
L’onchocercose touche 20 à 30 millions d’hommes de par le monde dont 95% en Afrique. On estime à environ un million, le nombre d’aveugles par onchocercose. Elle est transmise par la piqûre des femelles du genre Simulium, dont on a décrit plus de 1300 espèces dans le monde. Les 15 zones de santé de la ville de Kinshasa sous ivermectine, ne couvrent pas tous les points de rencontre entre Simulie et homme. Le meilleur moyen de se protéger contre les vecteurs exophiles (exophages), qui en plus ont une biologie peu connue comme toutes les espèces de simulies rencontrées jusque-là, est l’usage des répulsifs dont le plus utilisé présentement est le DEET. Mais ces produits sont peu accessibles aux populations africaines (à cause du coût et de disponibilité). Il s’est avéré alors nécessaire de proposer une solution adaptée à nos sociétés. C’est ainsi que l’efficacité répulsive de l’huile de noix de coco (Cocos nucifera) a été testée comparée au DEET contre Simulium squamosum. Des techniciens choisis ont été traités par onction de leurs jambes et avant-bras, chacun avec un répulsif particulier et placés sur terrain pour capturer les simulies selon la méthode classique de capture sur appât humain. Les simulies capturées selon les traitements répulsifs ont été comptabilisées et leur nombre comparé à l’aide des tests statistiques. L’analyse statistique de nombre des simulies capturées par traitement n’a révélé aucune différence significative entre le traitement au DEET et celui à l’huile de noix de coco (Cocos nucifera). En application cutanée, l’huile de noix de coco (Cocos nucifera) présente de réelles propriétés répulsives contre Simulium squamosum comparé au DEET.
Author Keywords: Simulie, DEET, répulsif, onchocercose, exophage, République Démocratique du Congo.
How to Cite this Article
Luboya Kambama, Palata Kabudi, Kimbuende Mundele, Mansiangi Mankadi, and Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua, “Compared effectiveness of the Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil and DEET against the blackfly (Simulium squamosum, Diptera: Simuliidae) bite in an endemic area in Democratic Republic of the Congo,” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 155–161, October 2017.
