[ Contribution à l’étude de la biodiversité et de l’écologie des Araignées du sol dans un champ cultivé de Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiaceae) à Kisangani, RD Congo ]
Volume 23, Issue 2, May 2016, Pages 412–418
Pascal Baelo1, Corneille Kahandi2, Jeannot Akuboyi3, Jean Louis Juakaly4, and Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua5
1 Centre de Surveillance de la Biodiversité, Université de Kisangani, B.P. 2012 Kisangani, RD Congo
2 Centre de Surveillance de la Biodiversité, Université de Kisangani, B.P. 2012 Kisangani, RD Congo
3 Centre de Surveillance de la Biodiversité, Université de Kisangani, B.P. 2012 Kisangani, RD Congo
4 Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kisangani, B.P. 2012 Kisangani, RD Congo
5 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, BP 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2016 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The present study was undertaken with the aim to evaluate the diversity, the size and the vertical, horizontal and monthly distributions of the soil spiders in a field of cassava. Two methods were used, the" distance sampling" and the “Barber” trap. The identification of spiders was carried out using a binocular magnifying glass and identification key books of the Africa spiders. Each spiders sample was measured at the cephalothorax region with the help of graduated micrometer. The obtained results were analyzed by the mean of khi-square statistic test. 306 specimens of spiders belonging to 7 families, 10 genus and 12 species were harvested and identified. By the mean of "distance sampling" technique, 135 specimens belonging to 2 families and 7 species were captured. Lycosidae family was the most abundant (227 specimens) and the more diversified (4 species out of 7 harvested), following by the Ctenidae family (3 species out of 8 specimens). By the mean of “Barber” trap, 171 specimens belonging to 6 families were captured among which Lycosidae family was also the most abundant with 167 specimens and the more diversified (4 species out of 9 harvested) that the other (Salticidae, Gnaphosidae and Lycosidae). The ecological approach revealed that the spiders in this biotope circulate at the soil level (±0.96 cm) and that they have small sizes (2.07 mm to the level of the cephalothorax). Weeding and/or the ploughing could simplify the agro-systems and thus would involve their colonization by spiders of small sizes essential for the regulation of the population of the devastating insects of the cassava.
Author Keywords: Spiders, Biodiversity, Biological struggle, Agro-ecosystem, Kisangani city, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Volume 23, Issue 2, May 2016, Pages 412–418
Pascal Baelo1, Corneille Kahandi2, Jeannot Akuboyi3, Jean Louis Juakaly4, and Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua5
1 Centre de Surveillance de la Biodiversité, Université de Kisangani, B.P. 2012 Kisangani, RD Congo
2 Centre de Surveillance de la Biodiversité, Université de Kisangani, B.P. 2012 Kisangani, RD Congo
3 Centre de Surveillance de la Biodiversité, Université de Kisangani, B.P. 2012 Kisangani, RD Congo
4 Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kisangani, B.P. 2012 Kisangani, RD Congo
5 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, BP 190 Kinshasa XI, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2016 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The present study was undertaken with the aim to evaluate the diversity, the size and the vertical, horizontal and monthly distributions of the soil spiders in a field of cassava. Two methods were used, the" distance sampling" and the “Barber” trap. The identification of spiders was carried out using a binocular magnifying glass and identification key books of the Africa spiders. Each spiders sample was measured at the cephalothorax region with the help of graduated micrometer. The obtained results were analyzed by the mean of khi-square statistic test. 306 specimens of spiders belonging to 7 families, 10 genus and 12 species were harvested and identified. By the mean of "distance sampling" technique, 135 specimens belonging to 2 families and 7 species were captured. Lycosidae family was the most abundant (227 specimens) and the more diversified (4 species out of 7 harvested), following by the Ctenidae family (3 species out of 8 specimens). By the mean of “Barber” trap, 171 specimens belonging to 6 families were captured among which Lycosidae family was also the most abundant with 167 specimens and the more diversified (4 species out of 9 harvested) that the other (Salticidae, Gnaphosidae and Lycosidae). The ecological approach revealed that the spiders in this biotope circulate at the soil level (±0.96 cm) and that they have small sizes (2.07 mm to the level of the cephalothorax). Weeding and/or the ploughing could simplify the agro-systems and thus would involve their colonization by spiders of small sizes essential for the regulation of the population of the devastating insects of the cassava.
Author Keywords: Spiders, Biodiversity, Biological struggle, Agro-ecosystem, Kisangani city, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Abstract: (french)
La présente étude a pour objectif d’évaluer la diversité, la taille et les distributions verticale, horizontale et mensuelle des araignées du sol dans un champ de manioc. Deux méthodes étaient utilisées, la « Distance sampling » et le piège « Barber ». L’identification des araignées a été faite à l’aide d’une loupe binoculaire et la clé d’identification des araignées d’Afrique. Chaque araignée a été mesurée au niveau du céphalothorax à l’aide d’un micromètre gradué. Les résultats obtenus ont été analysés à l’aide du test statistique de khi-carré. Au total 306 araignées appartenant à 7 familles, 10 genres et 12 espèces ont été récoltés et identifiés. Par la méthode de « Distance sampling », 135 spécimens ont été capturés. Ils sont répartis dans deux familles et sept espèces. Les Lycosidae sont à la fois les plus abondants (227 spécimens des effectifs) et les plus diversifiées (4 espèces sur 7 récoltées), suivie des Ctenidae (3 espèces sur 8 spécimens). Par la technique de piège « Barber », 171 spécimens appartenant à 6 familles ont été capturés. La famille des Lycosidae est aussi la plus abondante avec 167 sur 171 spécimens capturés et la plus diversifiée (4 espèces sur 9 récoltées) que les autres (Salticidae, Gnaphosidae et Lycosidae). L’approche écologique montre que les araignées dans ce biotope circulent au ras du sol (±0,96 cm) et qu’elles sont de petites tailles (2,07 mm au niveau du céphalothorax). Le sarclage et/ou le labour pourrait simplifier les agro-systèmes et pourrait ainsi entrainer leur colonisation par des araignées de petites tailles indispensables pour la régulation de la population des insectes ravageurs du manioc.
Author Keywords: Araignées, Biodiversité, Lutte biologique, Agro-écosystème, Kisangani, République Démocratique du Congo.
How to Cite this Article
Pascal Baelo, Corneille Kahandi, Jeannot Akuboyi, Jean Louis Juakaly, and Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua, “Contribution to the study of biodiversity and the ecology of the soil Spiders in a field cultivated of Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiaceae) in Kisangani City, DR Congo),” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 412–418, May 2016.
