According to the World Health Organization (WHO), «traditional medicine as the health practices, approaches, knowledge and beliefs comprising plant, animal and mineral based medicines, spiritual therapies, manual techniques and exercises, applied singularly or in combination to treat, diagnose and prevent illnesses or maintain well-being». The objective of the study is to find out the Indigenous Knowledge of health and illness among the Baiga (PVTG) and Kol tribes of Sidhi District of Madhya Pradesh, India. The cross sectional study is carried out in Sidhi District of Madhya Pradesh, India. A total of 200 (Age below 35 and 50 years above, 100 young and 100 Old) individuals (100 each from both tribal communities) were selected by using of purposive sampling for this research. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. The present study showed their perception on health and Illness. The most of the People are highly believe on traditional as well as supernatural things. They are firstly preferred to traditional and spiritual healers as compare to allopathic doctors. The traditional medicines and spirituals believes which are playing a major role among the Baiga and Kol community seeks immediate attention since the practitioners are mostly the older generation and not many youngsters are ready to carry forward the tradition.