[ SCREENING CHIMIQUE ET ETUDE DE L’ACTIVITE ANTIBACTERIENNE DE CINQ PLANTES MEDICINALES (Anthonotha macrophylla, Azadiractha indica, Trema orientalis, Citrus limon et Ananas comosus) SUR LES SOUCHES DE SALMONELLA ANTIBIORESISTANTES A KISANGANI (RD CONGO) ]
Volume 48, Issue 2, May 2020, Pages 70–87
Jules Lokonga Okenge1, Trésor Kwembe Konganape2, and Daniel Osenge Nkfutela3
1 Département des sciences Biotechnologiques, Faculté des sciences, B.P. 2012, Université de Kisangani, RD Congo
2 Département de Chimie, Faculté des sciences, BP 2012, Université de Kisangani, RD Congo
3 Département de Chimie, Faculté des sciences, BP 2012, Université de Kisangani, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In order to identify and isolate the active principles of medicinal plants with antibacterial activity in the Kisangani region (DR Congo), five medicinal plants including Anthonotha macrophyla, Azadiractha indica, Trema orientalis, Citrus limon and Ananas comosus have been used for this study. The objective of this study is to characterize phenotypically the 17 strains of Salmonella, for the identification, and the chemical study of the active principles of medicinal plants used in the treatment of typhoid in the city of Kisangani. Strain characterization and chemical screening were used for the detection of Salmonella and phytochemical groups present in our plants. The liquid-liquid extraction made it possible to obtain the dried extracts of the major phytochemical groups after evaporation of the solvents employed. The method of inhibiting bacterial growth by diffusion in agar medium was used to study the sensitivity of Salmonella typhi strains to extracts of medicinal plants. The results of our research reveal that the phenotypic characterization showed that there is similarity between the 17 strains of Salmonella typhi studied and the reference strain. The chemical screening revealed the abundant presence of tannins and saponins in the leaves of Anthonotha macrophylla, Azadirachta indica and in the leaf of Trema orientalis, but traces of alkaloids in the leaves of Trema orientalis, as well as very abundant presence of sterols and terpenes as well as quinone in the bark of the Citrus limon root. In addition, the extraction of the active ingredients yielded respectively the following yields: 4.92% of the leaves of Trema orientalis, and 2.48% of the leaves of Azadiractha indica and 2.44% of Anthonotha macrophylla for the leaves. saponins. As for extracts of tannins, in Azadiractha indica, 22.76% and in Anthonotha macrophylla is 14.76%, while the leaves of Trema orientalis contain only 14.44%. Determination of microbial growth inhibitory activity extracts revealed growth inhibition of Salmonella typhi strains, saponin extracts and Tanic extracts of Anthonotha macrophylla and Trema orientalis were active on microbial strains tested (Salmonella typhi) with inhibition zone diameters means 13, 14 and 16mm in diameter for Anthonotha macrophylla and extracts of Trema orientalis with inhibition diameter of 14, 12, 11, 10mm. Azadiractha indica extracts showed antibacterial activity of 11mm in diameter.
Author Keywords: screening, chemical, antibacterial activity, Anthonotha macrophylla, Azadirachta indica, Trema orientalis, Citrus limon, Pineapple comosus, Salmonella, antibiotic-resistant.
Volume 48, Issue 2, May 2020, Pages 70–87
Jules Lokonga Okenge1, Trésor Kwembe Konganape2, and Daniel Osenge Nkfutela3
1 Département des sciences Biotechnologiques, Faculté des sciences, B.P. 2012, Université de Kisangani, RD Congo
2 Département de Chimie, Faculté des sciences, BP 2012, Université de Kisangani, RD Congo
3 Département de Chimie, Faculté des sciences, BP 2012, Université de Kisangani, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
In order to identify and isolate the active principles of medicinal plants with antibacterial activity in the Kisangani region (DR Congo), five medicinal plants including Anthonotha macrophyla, Azadiractha indica, Trema orientalis, Citrus limon and Ananas comosus have been used for this study. The objective of this study is to characterize phenotypically the 17 strains of Salmonella, for the identification, and the chemical study of the active principles of medicinal plants used in the treatment of typhoid in the city of Kisangani. Strain characterization and chemical screening were used for the detection of Salmonella and phytochemical groups present in our plants. The liquid-liquid extraction made it possible to obtain the dried extracts of the major phytochemical groups after evaporation of the solvents employed. The method of inhibiting bacterial growth by diffusion in agar medium was used to study the sensitivity of Salmonella typhi strains to extracts of medicinal plants. The results of our research reveal that the phenotypic characterization showed that there is similarity between the 17 strains of Salmonella typhi studied and the reference strain. The chemical screening revealed the abundant presence of tannins and saponins in the leaves of Anthonotha macrophylla, Azadirachta indica and in the leaf of Trema orientalis, but traces of alkaloids in the leaves of Trema orientalis, as well as very abundant presence of sterols and terpenes as well as quinone in the bark of the Citrus limon root. In addition, the extraction of the active ingredients yielded respectively the following yields: 4.92% of the leaves of Trema orientalis, and 2.48% of the leaves of Azadiractha indica and 2.44% of Anthonotha macrophylla for the leaves. saponins. As for extracts of tannins, in Azadiractha indica, 22.76% and in Anthonotha macrophylla is 14.76%, while the leaves of Trema orientalis contain only 14.44%. Determination of microbial growth inhibitory activity extracts revealed growth inhibition of Salmonella typhi strains, saponin extracts and Tanic extracts of Anthonotha macrophylla and Trema orientalis were active on microbial strains tested (Salmonella typhi) with inhibition zone diameters means 13, 14 and 16mm in diameter for Anthonotha macrophylla and extracts of Trema orientalis with inhibition diameter of 14, 12, 11, 10mm. Azadiractha indica extracts showed antibacterial activity of 11mm in diameter.
Author Keywords: screening, chemical, antibacterial activity, Anthonotha macrophylla, Azadirachta indica, Trema orientalis, Citrus limon, Pineapple comosus, Salmonella, antibiotic-resistant.
Abstract: (french)
Dans le but d’identifier et d’isoler les principes actifs des plantes médicinales à activité antibactérienne dans la région de Kisangani (RD Congo), cinq plantes médicinales entre autre Anthonotha macrophyla, Azadiractha indica, Trema orientalis, Citrus limon et Ananas comosus ont été utilisées pour cette étude. Cette étude se fixe comme objectifs de faire la caractérisation phénotypique des 17 souches de Salmonella, pour l’identification, et l’étude chimique des principes actifs des plantes médicinales utilisées dans les traitements de la typhoïde dans la ville de Kisangani. La caractérisation de souches et le screening chimique ont été utilisés pour la mise en évidence de Salmonella et des groupes phytochimiques présents dans nos plantes. L’extraction liquide-liquide a permis l’obtention des extraits secs des groupes phytochimiques majeurs après évaporation des solvants employés. La méthode de l’inhibition de la croissance bactérienne par diffusion en milieu gélosé a été utilisée pour étudier la sensibilité des souches Salmonella typhi vis-à- vis des extraits des plantes médicinales. Les résultats auxquels a abouti notre recherche révèlent que la caractérisation phénotypique a montré qu’il ya similitude entre les 17 souches des Salmonella typhi étudiées et la souche de référence. Le screening chimique a révélé la présence très abondante des tanins et des saponines dans les feuilles d’Anthonotha macrophylla, Azadirachta indica ainsi que dans la feuille de Trema orientalis, mais présence en trace d’alcaloïdes dans les feuilles de Trema orientalis, ainsi que la présence très abondante en stérols et terpènes ainsi que quinone dans l’écorce de la racine de Citrus limon. Par ailleurs, l’extraction des principes actifs a donné respectivement les rendements ci-après : soit 4,92% des feuilles de Trema orientalis, et 2,48% des feuilles d’Azadiractha indica et 2,44% pour Anthonotha macrophylla pour les saponines. Quant aux extraits des tanins, dans Azadiractha indica, soit 22,76% et dans Anthonotha macrophylla soit 14,76%, tandis que les feuilles de Trema orientalis ne renferment que 14,44%. La détermination de l'activité inhibitrice de croissance microbienne des extraits a révélé une inhibition de la croissance de souches de Salmonella typhi, aux extraits des saponines et les extraits taniques d’ Anthonotha macrophylla et Trema orientalis ont été actifs sur les souches microbiennes testée (Salmonella typhi) avec les diamètres de zone d’inhibition moyens soit 13, 14 et 16mm de diamètre pour Anthonotha macrophylla et les extraits de Trema orientalis avec de diamètre d’inhibition de 14, 12, 11, 10mm. Les extraits d’Azadiractha indica ont manifesté une activité antibactérienne de 11mm de diamètre.
Author Keywords: screening, chimique, activité antibactérienne, Anthonotha macrophylla, Azadiractha indica, Trema orientalis, Citrus limon, Ananas comosus, Salmonella, antibioresistantes.
How to Cite this Article
Jules Lokonga Okenge, Trésor Kwembe Konganape, and Daniel Osenge Nkfutela, “CHEMICAL SCREENING AND STUDY OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF FIVE MEDICINAL PLANTS (Anthonotha macrophylla, Azadiractha indica, Trema orientalis, Citrus limon and Ananas comosus) ON KISANGANI ANTIBIORESISTANTS SALMONELLA STRAINS (DR CONGO),” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 70–87, May 2020.
