[ Les insectes ravageurs des poissons fumés et le statut des insecticides chimiques utilisés dans leur protection au cours du stockage dans la Région de l’Ouest-Cameroun (Afrique Centrale) ]
Volume 50, Issue 1, August 2020, Pages 71–81
Tamgno Béranger Raoul1, Fopa Nicanor2, and Ngamo Tinkeu Léonard Simon3
1 Laboratoire de Gestion des Ressources Halieutiques, Institut des Sciences Halieutiques de l’Université de Douala, BP 7236, Douala Cameroon
2 Laboratoire de Gestion des Ressources Halieutiques, Institut des Sciences Halieutiques de l’Université de Douala, BP 7236, Douala Cameroon
3 Unité de Recherches Entomologiques, Faculté des Sciences de l’Université de Ngaoundéré, BP 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In the western Region of Cameroon, fresh fish is a little food available. Fish is most often sold in its frozen or smoked form because of the long period it can put in households before being consumed. Smocked or dried fishes are generally attacked by insect pests. In order to limit the losses due to these pests, processors and sellers of dry fishes use chemicals. The aim of the study was to determine the constraints linked to storage of smocked fish. The inventory of the species of smocked fishes was done in 10 camps of fishermen. 210 storage tools were inspected, then characterized and the smocked fishes identified. During this survey, 32 samples of Clarias gariepinus, 25 of Oreochromis niloticus and 16 of Hemichromis fasciatus was collected and put in observation at the laboratory. It appears that 13 species of fishes grouped into 5 families are smocked. The Cichlidae family is the most abundant (43.2%). The basket is the most used storage tool (65%) with the longest storage time (4 days). The rate of natural infestation is high in Clarias gariepinus (89.84%) and Oreochromis niloticus (88.12%). During storage, two species of Coleoptera were identified: Dermestes maculatus (735 individuals) and Necrobia rufipes (117 individuals). O. niloticus records the largest mass of drilling meal (5.92 ± 1.13g) and C. gariepinus the largest mass loss (39.44 ± 3.64g). To limit their damages, populations use 10 chemicals. These insecticides, all dangerous, divided into 3 toxicological classes are not approved in Cameroon.
Author Keywords: Western Cameroon, smoked fish, storage, Insect pests, chemical control.
Volume 50, Issue 1, August 2020, Pages 71–81
Tamgno Béranger Raoul1, Fopa Nicanor2, and Ngamo Tinkeu Léonard Simon3
1 Laboratoire de Gestion des Ressources Halieutiques, Institut des Sciences Halieutiques de l’Université de Douala, BP 7236, Douala Cameroon
2 Laboratoire de Gestion des Ressources Halieutiques, Institut des Sciences Halieutiques de l’Université de Douala, BP 7236, Douala Cameroon
3 Unité de Recherches Entomologiques, Faculté des Sciences de l’Université de Ngaoundéré, BP 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
In the western Region of Cameroon, fresh fish is a little food available. Fish is most often sold in its frozen or smoked form because of the long period it can put in households before being consumed. Smocked or dried fishes are generally attacked by insect pests. In order to limit the losses due to these pests, processors and sellers of dry fishes use chemicals. The aim of the study was to determine the constraints linked to storage of smocked fish. The inventory of the species of smocked fishes was done in 10 camps of fishermen. 210 storage tools were inspected, then characterized and the smocked fishes identified. During this survey, 32 samples of Clarias gariepinus, 25 of Oreochromis niloticus and 16 of Hemichromis fasciatus was collected and put in observation at the laboratory. It appears that 13 species of fishes grouped into 5 families are smocked. The Cichlidae family is the most abundant (43.2%). The basket is the most used storage tool (65%) with the longest storage time (4 days). The rate of natural infestation is high in Clarias gariepinus (89.84%) and Oreochromis niloticus (88.12%). During storage, two species of Coleoptera were identified: Dermestes maculatus (735 individuals) and Necrobia rufipes (117 individuals). O. niloticus records the largest mass of drilling meal (5.92 ± 1.13g) and C. gariepinus the largest mass loss (39.44 ± 3.64g). To limit their damages, populations use 10 chemicals. These insecticides, all dangerous, divided into 3 toxicological classes are not approved in Cameroon.
Author Keywords: Western Cameroon, smoked fish, storage, Insect pests, chemical control.
Abstract: (french)
Dans la Région de l’Ouest Cameroun, le poisson frais est une denrée peu disponible. Il est plus commercialisé sous sa forme congélée ou fumée. Le poisson fumé ou séché fait objet d’attaques par les insectes ravageurs. Pour limiter les pertes, les transformateurs et commerçcants du poisson sec font recours aux produits chimiques. Le but de l’étude était de déterminer les contraintes liées au stockage du poisson fumé à l’Ouest-Cameroun. L’inventaire des espèces de poissons fumés s’est fait dans 10 campements de pêcheurs. 210 outils de stockage ont été inspectés, puis caractérisés et les poissons fumés identifiés. Lors de cette prospection, 32 échantillons de Clarias gariepinus, 25 de Oreochromis niloticus et 16 de Hemichromis fasciatus ont été collectés et mis en observation au laboratoire. Il ressort que 13 espèces regroupées en 5 familles sont fumées dans la région. La famille des Cichlidae est la plus abondante (43,2%). Le panier est l’outil de stockage le plus utilisé (65%) avec la plus grande durée de conservation (4 jours). Le taux d’infestation naturelle est élevé chez C. gariepinus (89,84%) et O. niloticus (88,12%). Au cours du stockage, deux (02) espèces de Coléoptères ont été identifiées: Dermestes maculatus (735 individus) et Necrobia rufipes (117 individus). O. niloticus enregistre la plus grande masse de farine de forage (5,92 ± 1,13g) et C. gariepinus la plus grande perte en masse (39,44 ± 3,64g). Pour limiter leurs dégâts, les populations utilisent dix insecticides synthétiques. Ces insecticides, tous dangereux, répartis en trois classes toxicologiques ne sont pas homologués au Cameroun.
Author Keywords: Ouest Cameroun, poisson fumé, stockage, insectes ravageurs, lutte chimique.
How to Cite this Article
Tamgno Béranger Raoul, Fopa Nicanor, and Ngamo Tinkeu Léonard Simon, “The smoked fishes’ insect pests and the status of chemicals used in their protection during storage in the Western Region of Cameroon (Central Africa),” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 71–81, August 2020.
