[ ESTIMATION DES APPORTS PLUVIOMETRIQUES AUX SOURCES D'EAU SITUEES DANS LE MICRO-BASSIN DE LWIRO-CIRHANYOBWA: IRHAMBI-KATANA, KABARE, SUD-KIVU, RDC ]
Volume 16, Issue 2, July 2015, Pages 378–402
M. KAJIVUNIRA1, M. J-P. BAKULIKIRA2, M.D. BUGOMA3, L. C. NSIMBA4, K. ZIGASHANE5, and A. MAHESHE6
1 Département de l'Environnement, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, CRSN/Lwiro, D.S./Bukavu, Bukavu, Sud Kivu, RD Congo
2 Département de l’Environnement, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles Lwiro (CRSN-Lwiro), D.S. Bukavu, RD Congo
3 Département de l'Environnement, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, CRSN/Lwiro, D.S./Bukavu, Bukavu, Sud Kivu, RD Congo
4 Département de Géophysique, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, CRSN/Lwiro, D.S./Bukavu, Bukavu, Sud Kivu, RD Congo
5 Institut Supérieur Pédagogique, I.S.P/Kabare Bukavu, Sud Kivu, RD Congo
6 Université Libre de Grands Lacs, ULGL/Bukavu, Bukavu, Sud Kivu, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This study is located in the sub-basin of the Lwiro. The method of thornthwaite and statistical method were used. The values of monthly evapotranspiration have been estimated 60 mm for the months of June to July and 70mm for the remain months. A simplified outcome of the rain compared with the evapotranspiration for the period of 15 years (1999-2013) has showed that our sector of study is in its whole humid... About the 15 years of our observation period, 8 years have been qualified «dries», and 7 have been qualified «damps or humid». According to the data on the easily reserve usable as well as that of the effective filtrations, the right interval of time to the identification and to the catching of water's springs intended to supply the population in drinking water has been situated between the end of the month of May and August. The minimum pluviometric module in the sub-basin has 95 chances out of 100 so that it shall be included between 1291.98 mm and 1921.98 mm or although 5 chances out of 100 so that it shall be out of this interval. For the annual maximum pluviometric module in the sub-basin, there no chance for the interval of 50 years so that it being taken back. Then, for the civil engineering works, it agreed to take this pluviometric module value of 2182.0 mm like the minimum capacity of collectors. Nevertheless, it will be maximum value in case of technical or financial problems.
Author Keywords: Potential evapotranspiration, real evapotranspiration, effective filtrations, hydrilogic outcome, slope sub-basin.
Volume 16, Issue 2, July 2015, Pages 378–402
M. KAJIVUNIRA1, M. J-P. BAKULIKIRA2, M.D. BUGOMA3, L. C. NSIMBA4, K. ZIGASHANE5, and A. MAHESHE6
1 Département de l'Environnement, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, CRSN/Lwiro, D.S./Bukavu, Bukavu, Sud Kivu, RD Congo
2 Département de l’Environnement, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles Lwiro (CRSN-Lwiro), D.S. Bukavu, RD Congo
3 Département de l'Environnement, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, CRSN/Lwiro, D.S./Bukavu, Bukavu, Sud Kivu, RD Congo
4 Département de Géophysique, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, CRSN/Lwiro, D.S./Bukavu, Bukavu, Sud Kivu, RD Congo
5 Institut Supérieur Pédagogique, I.S.P/Kabare Bukavu, Sud Kivu, RD Congo
6 Université Libre de Grands Lacs, ULGL/Bukavu, Bukavu, Sud Kivu, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
This study is located in the sub-basin of the Lwiro. The method of thornthwaite and statistical method were used. The values of monthly evapotranspiration have been estimated 60 mm for the months of June to July and 70mm for the remain months. A simplified outcome of the rain compared with the evapotranspiration for the period of 15 years (1999-2013) has showed that our sector of study is in its whole humid... About the 15 years of our observation period, 8 years have been qualified «dries», and 7 have been qualified «damps or humid». According to the data on the easily reserve usable as well as that of the effective filtrations, the right interval of time to the identification and to the catching of water's springs intended to supply the population in drinking water has been situated between the end of the month of May and August. The minimum pluviometric module in the sub-basin has 95 chances out of 100 so that it shall be included between 1291.98 mm and 1921.98 mm or although 5 chances out of 100 so that it shall be out of this interval. For the annual maximum pluviometric module in the sub-basin, there no chance for the interval of 50 years so that it being taken back. Then, for the civil engineering works, it agreed to take this pluviometric module value of 2182.0 mm like the minimum capacity of collectors. Nevertheless, it will be maximum value in case of technical or financial problems.
Author Keywords: Potential evapotranspiration, real evapotranspiration, effective filtrations, hydrilogic outcome, slope sub-basin.
Abstract: (french)
L'étude a été effectuée dans le sous- bassin de Lwiro - Cirhanyobwa, située dans la partie occidentale du Lac Kivu. Le bilan hydrologique a été déterminé par la méthode de thornthwaite ; le calcul du module, de l'indice pluviométrique de 50 ans (1963 - 2013), la détermination de la fréquence des hauteurs des précipitations et de la dispersion des observations autour de la valeur centrale ont été fait statistiquement. Les valeurs d'évapotranspiration mensuelles sont estimées autour de 60 mm pour les mois de Juin – Juillet et autour de 70mm pour le reste des mois. Un bilan simplifié de la pluie par rapport à l'évapotranspiration pour 15 ans (1999-2013) a montré clairement que le secteur d'étude est dans son ensemble humide. Sur les 15 années de la période d'observation, 8 années sont qualifiées « sèches » et 7 années autres, « humides ». L'intervalle de temps propice à l'identification et au captage des sources d'eau pour la population a été situé entre la fin du mois de Mai et la fin du mois d'Août. Le module pluviométrique minimal dans le sous-bassin a 95 chances sur 100 pour qu'il soit compris entre 1291.98 mm et 1921.98mm ou encore cinq chances sur 100 pour qu'il soit extérieur à cet intervalle. Alors pour les travaux de génie civil, il conviendrait de prendre cette valeur du module pluviométrique de 2182.0 mm comme la capacité minimale de collecteurs et elle est maximale en cas de problèmes techniques ou financiers.
Author Keywords: Evapotranspiration potentielle, évapotranspiration réelle, infiltrations efficaces, bilan hydrique, bassin versant.
How to Cite this Article
M. KAJIVUNIRA, M. J-P. BAKULIKIRA, M.D. BUGOMA, L. C. NSIMBA, K. ZIGASHANE, and A. MAHESHE, “EVALUATION OF THE PLUVIOMETRIC CONTRIBUTION TO THE WATER SPRINGS SITUATED IN THE MICRO-BASIN OF LWIRO-CIRHANYOBWA RIVERS: IRHAMBI-KATANA, KABARE, SOUTH-KIVU, DRC,” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 378–402, July 2015.
