[ Prévalence des gènes de résistance plasmidique aux quinolones chez des entérobactéries communautaires isolées au Maroc ]
Volume 11, Issue 2, November 2014, Pages 387–399
Loubna Jamali1, Fatima Haouzane2, Mohammed Bouchakour3, Salwa Oufrid4, Zineb Ghazlane5, Naima El Mdaghri6, Sellama Nadifi7, and Mohammed Timinouni8
1 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
2 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
3 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
4 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
5 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
6 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
7 Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
8 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
Original language: French
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Introduction: Quinolones have a powerful antimicrobial activity and are frequently prescribed in general medicine. This study aims to evaluate the emergence of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance «PMQR» genes among enterobacterial isolates from Morocco.
Material and methods: 237 enterobacterial strains were isolated from community setting. Resistance to antibiotics and the detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) were conducted according to the recommendations of the French Society of Microbiology; PMQR, ESBL (TEM, SHV and CTX- M) and AmpC genes were screened by PCR. The aac(6')-Ib-cr gene was identified by PCR-RFLP. All PCR products were sequenced. Conjugation experiments were done using the sodium azide-resistant strain E. coli K12J5.
Results: 26.3% of the strains are resistant to at least 5 antibiotics; 7 strains (3%) show an ESBL phenotype. The prevalence of «PMQR» genes is 11.10%: the qnr gene was found in 6 isolates with a rate of 1.7% for qnrS1 and 0.9% for qnrB (B5, B6). The aac(6')-Ib-cr gene was detected in 8.5% of the strains. The qnrA and qepA genes were not found. Conjugation experiments showed that the genes qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr and CTX-M-15 have been co-transfered together and that these genes are carried on conjugative plasmids of high molecular weight.
Conclusion: This study confirms the dissemination of qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in Moroccan community setting. However, the high level of antibiotic resistance concerns a high risk of transmission of multidrug-resistant bacteria and challenges the authorities for surveillance of resistance policy.
Author Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Quinolones, Enterobacteriaceae, PMQR, ESBL, Community setting.
Volume 11, Issue 2, November 2014, Pages 387–399
Loubna Jamali1, Fatima Haouzane2, Mohammed Bouchakour3, Salwa Oufrid4, Zineb Ghazlane5, Naima El Mdaghri6, Sellama Nadifi7, and Mohammed Timinouni8
1 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
2 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
3 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
4 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
5 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
6 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
7 Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
8 Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
Original language: French
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Introduction: Quinolones have a powerful antimicrobial activity and are frequently prescribed in general medicine. This study aims to evaluate the emergence of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance «PMQR» genes among enterobacterial isolates from Morocco.
Material and methods: 237 enterobacterial strains were isolated from community setting. Resistance to antibiotics and the detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) were conducted according to the recommendations of the French Society of Microbiology; PMQR, ESBL (TEM, SHV and CTX- M) and AmpC genes were screened by PCR. The aac(6')-Ib-cr gene was identified by PCR-RFLP. All PCR products were sequenced. Conjugation experiments were done using the sodium azide-resistant strain E. coli K12J5.
Results: 26.3% of the strains are resistant to at least 5 antibiotics; 7 strains (3%) show an ESBL phenotype. The prevalence of «PMQR» genes is 11.10%: the qnr gene was found in 6 isolates with a rate of 1.7% for qnrS1 and 0.9% for qnrB (B5, B6). The aac(6')-Ib-cr gene was detected in 8.5% of the strains. The qnrA and qepA genes were not found. Conjugation experiments showed that the genes qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr and CTX-M-15 have been co-transfered together and that these genes are carried on conjugative plasmids of high molecular weight.
Conclusion: This study confirms the dissemination of qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in Moroccan community setting. However, the high level of antibiotic resistance concerns a high risk of transmission of multidrug-resistant bacteria and challenges the authorities for surveillance of resistance policy.
Author Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Quinolones, Enterobacteriaceae, PMQR, ESBL, Community setting.
Abstract: (french)
Introduction: Les quinolones sont des antibactériens puissants, fréquemment prescrits en médecine générale. Cette étude vise à évaluer l'émergence des gènes de résistance plasmidique aux quinolones « PMQR » en milieu communautaire chez des entérobactéries isolées au Maroc.
Matériel et Méthodes: 237 souches d'entérobactéries ont été collectées au niveau des laboratoires privés d'analyses médicales. La résistance aux antibiotiques et la détection des β-lactamases à spectre étendu (BLSE) ont été réalisées selon les recommandations de la Société Française de Microbiologie. La recherche des gènes PMQR, BLSE (TEM, SHV, CTX-M) et AmpC a été effectuée par PCR. Le gène aac(6')-Ib-cr a été identifié par PCR-RFLP; Tous les produits de PCR ont été séquencés. Les expériences de conjugaison sont réalisées en utilisant la souche d'E.coli K12J5 résistante à l'azide de sodium.
Résultats: 26.3% des souches présentent une résistance à au moins 5 antibiotiques; 7 souches (3%) montrent un phénotype BLSE. La prévalence des entérobactéries porteuses des gènes « PMQR » est de 11.10%: Le gène qnr est retrouvé chez 6 souches avec un taux de 1.7% pour qnrS1 et 0.9% pour qnrB (B5, B6). Le gène aac(6')-Ib-cr a été détecté chez 8.5% des isolats. Aucune souche n'héberge les gènes qnrA et qepA. Les expériences de conjugaison ont montré que les gènes qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr et CTX-M-15 ont été co-transférés et qu'ils sont portés par des plasmides conjugatifs de haut poids moléculaire.
Conclusion: Cette étude confirme l'émergence des PMQR au Maroc. Le haut niveau de résistance aux antibiotiques et la transmission de bactéries multi résistantes interpellent les autorités pour une politique de surveillance performante.
Author Keywords: Antibiorésistance, Quinolones, Entérobactéries, PMQR, BLSE, milieu communautaire.
How to Cite this Article
Loubna Jamali, Fatima Haouzane, Mohammed Bouchakour, Salwa Oufrid, Zineb Ghazlane, Naima El Mdaghri, Sellama Nadifi, and Mohammed Timinouni, “Prevalence of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance genes among enterobacteria isolates in Moroccan community,” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 387–399, November 2014.
