[ Changement d'utilisation des terres et dégradation des sols en zone aride. Cas du sud du Hodna, Algérie ]
Volume 2, Issue 1, June 2014, Pages 152–163
Salah ABDESSELAM1 and Amor HALITIM2
1 Laboratoire LAPAPEZA, Département d'agronomie, ISVSA Université Hadj Lakhdar Batna, Algeria
2 Laboratoire LAPAPEZA, Département d'agronomie, ISVSA Université Hadj Lakhdar Batna, Algérie
Original language: French
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In recent decades, Southern Hodna, an arid region of Algeria, is subject to an agricultural development with irrigation using groundwater. The problem of land degradation in this area has been studied by the characterization of surface soils at four sites and uncultivated control samples. The use of statistical analysis (ANOVA, PCA and comparing a mean to a standard) was used to characterize the soil, to study the variation of soil parameters and to determine the factors affecting soils evolution. Generally, the surface soils have a low proportion of limestone and the gypsum is almost absent. They are influenced by the coarse fraction and are, consequently, permeable. The soils have an alkaline pH and are mostly not or lightly saline. The principal component analysis indicates that the water and wind morphogenesis is the main factor influencing the soils of the study area. Salinity and gypsum are secondary factors. The results also show that soils, where the intensity of development in irrigation is the most intense particular site D and B, are subject to silting process. The evaluation of efficiency of hydro-agricultural requires, here more than elsewhere, monitoring water quality and soil and not forgetting, in this context, special importance to agricultural extension.
Author Keywords: Hodna, soil parameters, statistical analysis, siltation, degradation.
Volume 2, Issue 1, June 2014, Pages 152–163
Salah ABDESSELAM1 and Amor HALITIM2
1 Laboratoire LAPAPEZA, Département d'agronomie, ISVSA Université Hadj Lakhdar Batna, Algeria
2 Laboratoire LAPAPEZA, Département d'agronomie, ISVSA Université Hadj Lakhdar Batna, Algérie
Original language: French
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
In recent decades, Southern Hodna, an arid region of Algeria, is subject to an agricultural development with irrigation using groundwater. The problem of land degradation in this area has been studied by the characterization of surface soils at four sites and uncultivated control samples. The use of statistical analysis (ANOVA, PCA and comparing a mean to a standard) was used to characterize the soil, to study the variation of soil parameters and to determine the factors affecting soils evolution. Generally, the surface soils have a low proportion of limestone and the gypsum is almost absent. They are influenced by the coarse fraction and are, consequently, permeable. The soils have an alkaline pH and are mostly not or lightly saline. The principal component analysis indicates that the water and wind morphogenesis is the main factor influencing the soils of the study area. Salinity and gypsum are secondary factors. The results also show that soils, where the intensity of development in irrigation is the most intense particular site D and B, are subject to silting process. The evaluation of efficiency of hydro-agricultural requires, here more than elsewhere, monitoring water quality and soil and not forgetting, in this context, special importance to agricultural extension.
Author Keywords: Hodna, soil parameters, statistical analysis, siltation, degradation.
Abstract: (french)
Depuis quelques décennies, la zone du Hodna, zone aride de l'Algérie, est soumise à une mise en culture en irrigué en utilisant les eaux souterraines. Le problème de la dégradation des sols au sud du Hodna a été abordé en étudiant les sols de surface de quatre sites et des témoins non cultivés. L'utilisation des analyses statistiques (ANOVA, ACP et test de conformité de moyenne) a permet de caractériser les sols, d'étudier la variation des paramètres pédologiques et de déterminer les facteurs influençant l'évolution des sols.
Les sols en surface sont peu calcaires et non gypseux. Ils sont influencés par la fraction grossière et sont, par voie de conséquence, perméables. Les sols présentent un pH alcalin et sont pour la plupart non ou légèrement salés. L'analyse en composante principale indique clairement que la morphogenèse hydrique et éolienne constitue le principal facteur qui influence les sols de la zone d'étude. La salinité et le gypse sont des facteurs secondaires. Les résultats montrent aussi que les sols, où l'intensité de la mise en valeur en irrigué est la plus intense notamment le site D et B, sont soumis au processus d'ensablement. L'évaluation de l'efficacité des aménagements hydro agricoles dans cette région exige, ici plus qu'ailleurs, un suivi de la qualité des sols et des eaux sans oublier, dans ce contexte, l'intérêt de la vulgarisation agricole.
Author Keywords: Hodna, paramètres pédologiques, analyses statistiques, ensablement, dégradation.
How to Cite this Article
Salah ABDESSELAM and Amor HALITIM, “Land use change and soils degradation in arid area. A case study of south Hodna, Algeria,” International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 152–163, June 2014.
