[ Evaluation des performances agronomiques des hybrides F1 groupe I (F1 / G1) de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) et leurs lignées parentales à Kisangani (Province de la Tshopo, RD Congo) ]
Jules Lokonga Okenge1, Albert Okungo Lotokola2, and Dhed’A Djailo Benoit3
1 Département des sciences Biotechnologiques, Faculté des sciences, B.P. 2012, Université de Kisangani, RD Congo
2 Département de phytotechnie, Faculté des sciences Agronomiques, B.P. 1232, Institut Facultaire des sciences Agronomiques IFA- Yangambi- Kisangani, RD Congo
3 Facultés des Sciences et de Gestion de Ressources Renouvelables, Université de Kisangani, BP 2012, Kisangani, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2025 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The present work aims to evaluate the agronomic performances of F1 hybrids of group 1 (F1 / G1) of tomato (S. lycopersicum L.) and their parental lines grown in soil enriched with manure in open fields in Kisangani in order to contribute to the improvement of tomato productivity on the one hand and recycling of waste from pig farming (pig manure) to combat environmental pollution on the other hand. It took place from July to October 2015 in the premises of the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Kisangani. To achieve this objective, an experimental culture of a randomized block design was carried out during which observations and analyses focused on quantitative characteristics including plant size, number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit weight, number of seminal locules, fruit shape index and number of seeds in the F1 hybrids of the group (F1/G1) and their parental lines. The results obtained showed that: All F1 hybrids generally showed hybrid vigor for most quantitative traits compared to the parental populations. - Regarding plant height, it follows that the F1/G1 hybrids are taller (120.35 cm) than the parental lines (P1: 115.26 cm and P2: 88.36 cm). - Regarding flower production, the F1/G1 hybrids produced more flowers (67.7) than the parental populations (P1: 52.3 and P2: 50.5). - For fruit production, it is found that the F1/G1 hybrids set more (33.06) than the parental lines (P1: 28.63 and P2: 29.66). - It also appears that the fruits of the F1/G1 hybrids perform better in terms of average fruit weight (29.34g) than the parents (P1: 14.21g and P2: 15.33g). - It is clear that the F1/G1 hybrids produced tomato fruits with a higher average number of locules (3.46) than the male parent (3.26) and lower than the female parent (4.6). - It is observed that the fruits of the F1 hybrids are round (IF: 0.84) like the fruits of the male parent (IF: 0.91). On the other hand, the fruits of the female parent are flattened (IF: 0.73). - It is also clear that the fruits of the hybrid plants developed more total seeds (F1: 130.23) than the parents (P1: 88.86 and P2: 116.43). Statistical analysis shows that at the 5% significance level (α=0.05), for size, number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit weight, fruit width, fruit length, number of locules, number of seeds and shape index: F.pr ≤ α which means that the difference is significant between the parents and the F1/G1 hybrids.
Author Keywords: evaluation, agronomic, performances, F1 group I (F1/G1), tomato, hybrids Solanum lycopersicum L., parental lines.
Jules Lokonga Okenge1, Albert Okungo Lotokola2, and Dhed’A Djailo Benoit3
1 Département des sciences Biotechnologiques, Faculté des sciences, B.P. 2012, Université de Kisangani, RD Congo
2 Département de phytotechnie, Faculté des sciences Agronomiques, B.P. 1232, Institut Facultaire des sciences Agronomiques IFA- Yangambi- Kisangani, RD Congo
3 Facultés des Sciences et de Gestion de Ressources Renouvelables, Université de Kisangani, BP 2012, Kisangani, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2025 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The present work aims to evaluate the agronomic performances of F1 hybrids of group 1 (F1 / G1) of tomato (S. lycopersicum L.) and their parental lines grown in soil enriched with manure in open fields in Kisangani in order to contribute to the improvement of tomato productivity on the one hand and recycling of waste from pig farming (pig manure) to combat environmental pollution on the other hand. It took place from July to October 2015 in the premises of the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Kisangani. To achieve this objective, an experimental culture of a randomized block design was carried out during which observations and analyses focused on quantitative characteristics including plant size, number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit weight, number of seminal locules, fruit shape index and number of seeds in the F1 hybrids of the group (F1/G1) and their parental lines. The results obtained showed that: All F1 hybrids generally showed hybrid vigor for most quantitative traits compared to the parental populations. - Regarding plant height, it follows that the F1/G1 hybrids are taller (120.35 cm) than the parental lines (P1: 115.26 cm and P2: 88.36 cm). - Regarding flower production, the F1/G1 hybrids produced more flowers (67.7) than the parental populations (P1: 52.3 and P2: 50.5). - For fruit production, it is found that the F1/G1 hybrids set more (33.06) than the parental lines (P1: 28.63 and P2: 29.66). - It also appears that the fruits of the F1/G1 hybrids perform better in terms of average fruit weight (29.34g) than the parents (P1: 14.21g and P2: 15.33g). - It is clear that the F1/G1 hybrids produced tomato fruits with a higher average number of locules (3.46) than the male parent (3.26) and lower than the female parent (4.6). - It is observed that the fruits of the F1 hybrids are round (IF: 0.84) like the fruits of the male parent (IF: 0.91). On the other hand, the fruits of the female parent are flattened (IF: 0.73). - It is also clear that the fruits of the hybrid plants developed more total seeds (F1: 130.23) than the parents (P1: 88.86 and P2: 116.43). Statistical analysis shows that at the 5% significance level (α=0.05), for size, number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit weight, fruit width, fruit length, number of locules, number of seeds and shape index: F.pr ≤ α which means that the difference is significant between the parents and the F1/G1 hybrids.
Author Keywords: evaluation, agronomic, performances, F1 group I (F1/G1), tomato, hybrids Solanum lycopersicum L., parental lines.
Abstract: (french)
Le présent travail a pour objectif d’évaluer les performances agronomiques des hybrides F1 du groupe 1 (F1/G1) de tomate (S. lycopersicum L.) et leurs lignées parentales cultivés dans le sol enrichi de fumier en plein champ à Kisangani dans le but de contribuer à l’amélioration de la productivité de tomate d’une part et de recyclage de déchets issus de l’élevage de porc (fumier de porc) pour lutter contre la pollution de l’environnement d’autre part. Il s’est déroulé de la période de juillet jusqu’en octobre 2015 dans l’enceinte de la faculté des sciences de l’Université de Kisangani. Pour atteindre cet objectif, une culture expérimentale d’un dispositif des blocs randomisés a été réalisée au cours de laquelle les observations et les analyses ont porté sur les caractères quantitatifs notamment la taille de plantes, le nombre de fleurs, le nombre de fruits, le poids de fruits, le nombre de loges séminales, l’indice de forme de fruits et le nombre de graines chez les hybrides F1 du groupe (F1/G1) et leurs lignées parentales. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que: - Tous les hybrides F1 ont traduit en général la vigueur hybride pour la plupart des caractères quantitatifs comparativement aux populations parentales. - En ce qui concerne la taille des plantes, il s’en suit que les hybrides F1/G1 sont plus hauts (120,35 cm) que les lignées parentales (P1: 115,26 cm et P2: 88,36 cm). - Quant à la production des fleurs, les hybrides F1/G1 ont produit plus de fleurs (67,7) que les populations parentales (P1: 52,3 et P2: 50,5). - Pour la production des fruits, Il se révèle que les hybrides F1/G1 ont plus noué (33,06) que les lignées parentales (P1: 28,63 et P2: 29,66). - Il ressort de même que les fruits des hybrides F1/G1 sont plus performants en ce qui concerne le poids moyen de fruits (29,34g) que les parents (P1: 14,21g et P2: 15,33g). - Il se dégage que les hybrides F1/G1ont produit de fruits de tomates ayant un nombre de loges moyen plus élevé (3,46) que le parent mâle (3,26) et moins élevé que le parent femelle (4,6). - Il s’observe que les fruits des hybrides F1 sont ronds (IF: 0,84) comme les fruits du parent mâle (IF: 0,91). Par contre, les fruits de parent femelle sont aplatis (IF: 0,73). - Il se dégage aussi que les fruits des plantes hybrides ont développé plus des graines totales (F1: 130,23) que les parents (P1: 88,86 et P2: 116,43). L’analyse statistique montre qu’au seuil de signification de 5 % (α=0,05), pour la taille, le nombre de fleurs, le nombre de fruits, le poids des fruits, la largeur de fruits, la longueur de fruits, le nombre de loges, le nombre de graines et l’indice de formes: F.pr ≤ α ce qui signifie que la différence est significative entre les parents et les hybrides F1/G1.
Author Keywords: évaluation, performances, agronomiques, hybrides F1, groupe I (F1 / G1), tomate, Solanum lycopersicum L., lignées parentales.
