The present work aims to study the fertilizing power of the invasive algae Sargassum spp. in order to initiate their valorization as organic fertilizer in agriculture. The experimental device is composed of two pits of dimensions 1m x 1m with a depth of 1m, filled with 100 kg of rinsed and dried Sargassum spp. The pit intended for vermicomposting received 1 week after the beginning of the experiment 1.8 kg of mature earthworms (Eudrilus eugenia). The moisture content of the pits was maintained at 60-70%. Samples were taken at the beginning of the experiment and every 4 weeks for 4 months, for analysis at the PETROCI-Côte d'Ivoire laboratory to determine the initial physical and chemical parameters and during the decomposition of Sargassum spp. Regarding the physical and chemical characteristics of the residues, some compounds such as phosphorus (20315 ppm) and potassium (24488.8 ppm) have very high values with a slightly basic pH (7.7). During decomposition, nutrients are released and their content increases rapidly in the vermicompost before decreasing generally until the end of the experiment. The residues of Sargassum spp. considered as waste by the populations contain important nutrients (C, N, P, K, ….), thus possessing an important fertilizing power potentially favourable to an organic agriculture.

The southern part of the Toumodi-Fètêkro greenstone belt is located in central-southeastern Côte d'Ivoire. The lithologies encountered in the felsic rocks can be subdivided in to three units corresponding to volcanic lavas (dacites, rhyodacites and rhyolites), pyroclastics rocks (ignimbrites) and granitoids (granodiorites and granites). All of these lithologies have been generally foliated and metamorphosed in to greenschist facies. Geochemical data show that these felsic rocks are metaluminous to peraluminous, calc-alkaline and have characteristics of magmatic arc rocks (TiO2 < 2 %). The dacites are sodic and the granitoids are “I” Type. Geochemical trends show a possibility of mixing due to the existence of a small Archean legacy component.

Energy planning involves multiple actors (authorities, community, investors, and operators) and multiple objectives most of the time in perpetual conflict. The Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) which consists of a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis method (MCDA) theory of measurement through pairwise comparisons and relies on the judgments of experts to derive priority scales was used to evaluate the energy resources of Idjwi island in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The weights obtained from AHP analysis were used to rank the seven alternative energy resources for the island using the Technique of Order Preferences to Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The combination of the two MCDA methods reduces the uncertainty and reinforce the reliability of the decision by combining the advantages of both methods. Two surveys were conducted in this research, one for the rural community in Idjwi, in order to determine their preferences, priority, economic situation for an energy project. The second survey was conducted for the energy experts in the region was to analyze the importance of the criteria. This thesis aims at ranking the different energy resources for rural electrification in the Island. Energy planning in many developing countries is still not well-handled and depend mostly on the priorities of actual authorities. To minimize the risk of investing in wrong sources of energy, energy planning is needed which includes many actors and factors. For example, the exclusion of the local communities in the process of electrification projects can lead to failures of many mini-grid projects in villages. Based on the preferences and priorities of the community, the small hydropower and solar photovoltaic sources were the first alternatives to power Idjwi Island. An assessment of the renewable energy resources of the DRC is also included.

Introduction: Microbiological control of the environment in intensive care units is an integral part of the prevention of nosocomial infections and the control of outbreaks involving multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR). The infection prevention and control team is at the heart of this approach. Particular concerns are the maintenance of a safe and hygienic care environment, and the minimization of microbial contamination of surfaces and equipment. The objective of our work was to determine the team's approach to the management of environment-related infections in intensive care units, to determine the bacterial ecology of these units, to specify the most contaminated sites and to present preventive and corrective actions. Method: A quantitative and qualitative study of the microbiological control of the environment was carried out between January 2018 and December 2020 at the level of intensive care units (ICU), and described the pre, per and post-microbiological processes applied to the hospital environment. Results: Of 350 samples collected, 33% were positive. The overall distribution of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) isolated showed a predominance of gram-negative bacilli (GNB). The hygienists were responsible for the development and implementation of an environmental risk prevention plan including surveillance, prevention, training and evaluation. Conclusion: Our results showed that equipment and surfaces in intensive care units were heavily contaminated with multi-resistant bacteria. The control of this risk must be implemented through a multimodal strategy, with the intervention of a team specialized in the field.

Introduction: COVID-19 caused a major health crisis and quarantined half of the world's population. The pandemic disrupted medical practices and put enormous pressure on the health care system and health care workers in most countries. This has prompted hospitals to reorganize their services, to ensure the provision of appropriate equipment for both patients and caregivers, and to reinforce precautions and hygiene measures. The objective of our study was to share the initiatives carried out by the infection prevention and control team in terms of controlling the infectious risk linked to Covid-19, to identify the strengths and weaknesses and to identify areas for improvement. Method: Retrospective descriptive study of two years, (2020-2021) from the phase of triggering the covid -19 crisis plan, to the resumption of activities at a university hospital. Results: The measures taken to deal with the pandemic include the management process of screening operations for suspected and confirmed cases. A total of 4115 samples for PCR were taken during the year 2020. Between February and December 2020, approximately 900 health professionals were trained, a guide on the prevention of COVID-19 was developed and disseminated to all services involved in the care of patients with COVID-19. 5043 disinfection operations after the passage of a suspected or confirmed COVID-19 case were coordinated. Finally, the study presents the challenges, the difficulties encountered and the positive impact of covid-19 on the institution, the caregivers and the HCAI control activity. Conclusion: COVID-19 has had a considerable impact on the activities of our department. The close collaboration of the team has proven its importance and efficiency in responding to the constraints and adapting the activity according to the progression of the pandemic and to the mission of our department, which is to prevent the risk of infection.

The world is becoming increasingly industrialized, technological revolution and innovation are proceeding at prodigious speeds, so that the number and diversity of electromagnetic (EMF) sources have increased significantly. Electricity has made our lives richer, safer and easier, but the transmission lines that carry it pose some health risks to the people who live around it due to the EMF they generate. Research was undertaken in 2015 to obtain information on the people living near these lines in the residential area of Kinshasa city. To this end, Magnetic Field (MF) measurements carried out there in 2015 and repeated in 2020 indicate that the average MF has increased over 5 years, notably in the axis of the line, notably from (0. 673 ±0.030) μT to (1.321 ±0.115) μT at Limete, (0.753 ±0.052) μT to (1.091 ±0.073) μT at Selembao and (1.017 ±0.095) μT to (1.342 ±0.102) μT at Bandalungwa. All these averages found in 2020 are increasingly above the threshold value of 0.400 μT.